摘要
大气圈和生物圈的相互作用是连接地球系统中生命世界和无生命世界的重要过程之一 ,也是地球环境变化中一个最基本的过程 .通过卫星遥感植被和地表覆盖信息与气候要素关系的诊断分析以及生态和气候模式的数值模拟 ,揭示了东亚季风区气候和生态系统相互作用的基本特征 ,包括季节、年际和长期的季风气候变化对生态系统的影响和大范围植被覆盖状况的变化对季风气候的影响 .结果表明 ,东亚季风区是气候与生态系统相互作用最为强烈的地区之一 ,这里陆地生态系统的时空变率表现出明显的对季风气候的响应特征 ;另一方面 ,人类活动引起的大范围植被覆盖状况的变化可以对季风气候产生显著的反馈影响 ,它们是叠加在季风系统自然变率之上的一种重要变化 .同时 ,虚拟试验表明 ,通过有序的人类活动 ,因地制宜 ,合理利用土地资源 ,保护和恢复自然植被 。
The interaction between atmosphere and biosphere is one of the key processes in which the life component in the earth system is linked to the non_life component. Such an interaction is also one of the most fundamental processes in the changes of the earth environment. This paper is composed of the diagnostic analyses on the relations of vegetation and land cover changes with satellite remote sensing and climatic observations, in addition the numerical simulations with ecological and climatil models. The studies indicate the basic characteristics of the climate and ecosystem interactions in East Asia monsoon region, including the responses of the ecosystem to monsoon climate changes at seasonal, inter_annual and long_term scales, and the impacts of the changes of large spatial scale vegetation conditions on monsoon climate. The results show that the East Asia monsoon region, where the temporal and spatial variability of the terrestrial ecosystems show significant responsive features to monsoon climate, acts as the one with the strongest climate and ecosystem interactions. On the other hand, the changes of large_scale vegetation conditions caused by human activities can introduce remarkable influence feedback, a process of importance behaving over the natural variability of the monsoon system. Moreover, the numerical simulations and their results suggest orderly human activities, such as taking actions according to local conditions, reasonably utilizing land resources, and protecting and recovering natural vegetation, can bring about clear effects for climate and environment.
出处
《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第3期281-294,共14页
Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 434 0 0 )
关键词
东亚季风区
气候
生态系统
相互作用
诊断
模拟
climate and ecosystem interactions,East Asia monsoon, diagnosis and simulation
