摘要
探究利比亚国家构建会发现,利比亚是联合国"制造出来"的国家,这是地缘政治与民族主义互动的结果。利比亚历来为多种文明竞逐之地。近代以来,在奥斯曼帝国的支持下,赛努西宗教民族主义力量崛起。意大利入侵利比亚催生了的黎波里塔尼亚的阿拉伯民族主义运动并成立了共和国。尽管民族主义精英也在起着重要作用,但由于固有复合型历史文化的影响,在利比亚国家构建进程中,大国的外在影响更为明显。英美法苏等国在如何处理利比亚问题上经历了大国瓜分、集体托管、联合国托管与利比亚独立等方案的博弈,反映了各大国间的利益平衡以及重重矛盾。民族国家构建的内在问题并没有因为利比亚联合王国的成立而得到根本解决,在中东阿拉伯变局当中亦见其历史回响。
Inquiry into Libya's nation-building indicates that the country was'created'by the United Nations as a result of the interaction of geopolitics and nationalism.Libya has always been a site contested by different civilizations.Starting in the nineteenth century,with the support of the Ottoman Empire,Sanusi religious nationalism gained strength.The Italian invasion of Libya catalyzed the Arab nationalist movement in Tripolitania and the establishment of the Republic.Although nationalist elites played an important role,the influence of the country's inherent historical and cultural complexities meant that it was the external impact of the great powers that had the greater role in the process of Libya's nation-building.On the question of how to deal with the Libyan issue,the United Kingdom,the United States,France,the Soviet Union and others played a game of strategy,coming up with plans that included carving up the country among the powers,collective trusteeship,UN trusteeship and an independent Libya,reflecting the balance of interests and multiple conflicts among the powers.The inherent problems of building a nation-state were not fundamentally settled by the establishment of the United Kingdom of Libya,and their historical effects continue to be visible in the changeable situation in the Arab Middle East.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第4期130-145,192,共16页
Historical Research
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中东热点问题与联合国研究"(项目号12JJD810009)的阶段性成果
2012年度教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"项目资助(项目号NECT-12-1050)
