摘要
坩埚炼铅法是中国传统炼铅技术中一种特别的冶炼方法,即在坩埚中用铁从硫化铅中还原出铅。本文梳理有关坩埚炼铅的文献资料,详细介绍该技术的冶炼过程,包括炉子的建造、坩埚的制作、配料、冶炼操作和金银的提取。另外,对近年来发现的两处古代坩埚炼铅遗址出土的坩埚和炉渣进行科学检测,以复原当时的技术。并与蒸馏法炼锌、坩埚炼铁等中国传统坩埚冶炼技术作比较,阐述坩埚炼铅的技术特征。
Crucible lead smelting, a unique traditional Chinese lead smelting technology, is a method using metallic iron to reduce lead from lead sulphide in crucibles. This paper summarises the documents on crucible lead smelting technology, and presents a detailed description of the whole smelting process including furnace construction, crucible making, charge preparation, smelting oper- ation, and silver and gold extraction. In addition, crucibles and slag from two crucible lead smelting sites found in recent years are analysed to reconstruct the technology employed. This technology is then compared with other traditional crucible smelting technologies ： zinc distillation and crucible iron smelting, and its technological characteristics are elaborated.
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期201-215,共15页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
基金
中国科学院自然科学史研究所重点培育方向"传统工艺与文物科技的认知研究"项目课题"中国古代冶金用坩埚的生产和使用"
关键词
坩埚炼铅
铁还原
长方形炉
crucible lead smelting, iron reduction, rectangular furnace
