摘要
通过对宁夏银川市植物园引种文冠果定株观察、套袋试验等分析,研究了文冠果的开花物候期、单花开花动态及落花落果等特性;并对文冠果的花部结构特征、结实率等进行了观测和统计。结果表明：文冠果花期在4月下旬至5月上旬,单花花期一般为5-7d。当遇高温单花花期可缩短1-2d,遇阴天低温可延长1-2d;其花为杂性花,两性花（可孕花）与雄花（不孕花）同株;在性别分化的早期即2种类型花在花蕾时期,花器官结构基本上是相同的,雌雄蕊都存在,可孕花花药不能开裂散粉,不孕花（雄花）花药能散粉,后期雌蕊萎缩退化,且文冠果存在严重落花落果情况,自然状态下坐果率较低,平均坐果率仅为1.48%。
Flower structure and flowering phenology were investigated by position observation,bagging test of Xanthoceras sorbifoliaBunge in the Yinchuan of Ningxia.The florescence,daily development,premature drop were observed.The results indicated that flowering time of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge was between the last part of April to the earlier part of May,anthesis of individual lasted 5-7days.Flowering time,however,was shortened to 1-2days in high temperature and prolonged to 1-2days in low temperature.Monoecism plant and the two kinds of flowers（fertile and infertile floret）had similar structures of floral organ during the early stage of sex differentiation.They both had stamen and pistil,anthers of fertile were not normal outward appearance,anthers of infertile were normal outward and degradation in pistil.The inflorescence of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge existed flower-drop and fruit-drop seriously.Naturally setting was low,only 1.48%.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第22期80-84,共5页
Northern Horticulture
基金
宁夏大学科学研究基金资助项目(ZR1246)
关键词
文冠果
花部形态
开花
物候期
Xanthoceras sorbifolia
flower morphology
flowering
phenophase
