中国农民工多维贫困的演进——基于收入与教育维度的考察被引量：231

Evolution on the Multi-dimensional Poverty of Chinese Rural Migrant Workers——Based on the Dimension of Income and Education

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摘要本文采用CHNS2000-2009年的个人数据,利用A-F多维贫困测量方法估计中国9省的劳动者在收入、健康、教育、医疗保险四个维度的多维贫困,对比分析农民工和城市劳动者多维贫困的状况。引入市场化指数这一制度变量解释农民工和城市劳动者多维贫困的变化。研究发现市场化是农民工多维贫困状况改善的重要原因。为了进一步分析农民工多维贫困内部各维度的变化,利用Heckman两步法分别估计农民工和城市劳动者的教育对收入回报的截面变动趋势,并采用个体面板数据估计、比较农民工和城市劳动者十年间的总体教育回报状况。研究发现:农民工的多维贫困状况较全国水平和城市劳动者均严重。收入与教育维度的贫困对农民工多维贫困的贡献率较高,尤其是教育维度的贡献率更高且呈现上升趋势。农民工的教育回报低于城市劳动者,近年来两个群体之间教育回报的差距呈拉大趋势。在教育回报较低的情况下,农民工的理性选择是减少教育的投入。在中国经济转型升级背景下,教育投入动力不足将不利于农民工人力资本的积累,容易回到多维贫困,难以真正融入城市。 This paper, using the data of CHNS 2000--2009, explores the multidimensional poverty of laborers, which is income, health, education, medical care in 9 Chinese provinces. Furthermore, we comparatively analyze the situation of multi-dimensional poverty for rural migrant workers and urban local laborers. The authors highlight marketization and use the process of marketization to explain the decline of workers＇ multi-dimensional poverty. The authors evaluate the trends of returns to education for both rural migrant workers and urban local laborers using the Heckman two-step econometric method, and then compare the total returns to education for the above two cohorts during the latest one decade. This research indicates that the situation of rural migrant workers＇ multidimensional poverty is more serious than that of both the average laborers and urban local ones. The poverty of income and education contributes to migrant workers＇ multidimensional poverty; in particular, education contributes increasingly more to the poverty. Rural migrant workers＇ returns to education are lower than that of urban local laborers. In recent years, the gap of returns to education between the two cohorts is increasing. In terms of lower returns of education, rural migrant workers＇ rational choice is to reduce education inputs for themselves, and the lack of incentive to education inputs is disadvantaged to accumulation of their human capital. Facing transformation and upgrade of Chinese economy, rural migrant workers＇ multidimensional poverty are worsened, which are likely to impede migrants＇ agglomeration into cities.

作者王春超叶琴

机构地区暨南大学经济学院

出处《经济研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2014年第12期159-174,共16页 Economic Research Journal

基金国家自然科学基金项目(71473104) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(14YJA790054) 广东省高等学校优秀青年教师培养计划项目(Yq2013019) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(12JNQM001) 广东省青年文化人才资金项目资助

关键词农民工 A—F多维贫困测量多维贫困市场化教育回报 Rural Migrant Workers A-F Multidimensional Poverty Measurement Multidimensional Poverty Marketization Returns to Education

分类号 F323.6 [经济管理—产业经济]