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尿毒症患者动静脉内瘘手术致急性心功能不全1例 被引量:1

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摘要 患者男,72岁。因发现血肌酐升高1个月余,伴咳喘、咯血3 d,于2014年3月15日入院。2014年2月22日,患者因高血压到门诊检查肾功能,血肌酐780.0μmol/L。2月25日收住我院肾内科,当时患者精神、食欲、体力均可,查体未见异常,血压维持在160/80 mmHg左右,胸部CT 示肺部未见明显异常(图1A)。3月6日,行左上肢前臂动静脉内瘘手术。选择血管为头静脉、桡动脉,手术方式为端—侧吻合,瘘口直径约4 mm,术后血管震颤及杂音均较明显。3月10日患者出院时一般情况均可,2 d后出现咳嗽、咯血,痰中带血,伴活动后气喘,双下肢及左上肢水肿明显。无明显发热、咽痛、流涕及呼吸困难、不能平卧。既往有高血压病史10余年,血压最高达160/100 mmHg,未规律服药。入院查体:T 36.5℃,BP 140/80 mmHg,神志清楚,步入病房,自动体位。颈静脉充盈,肝颈征阳性;双肺中下均可闻及散在湿性罗音,未闻及干罗音;心界无扩大,心率108次/min,律齐,各瓣膜听诊区未闻及病理性杂音。腹软无压痛,双下肢胫前、足背中度水肿。左前臂手术处血管杂音明显,左手背明显浮肿。入院化验:血常规:WBC 7.34×10^9/L,N 78.7%, Hb 74 g/L;ESR 100 mm/h;肾功能:Cr 617μmol/L,BUN 23.2 mmol/L,UA 509μmol/L;CRP 33.2 mg/L,BNP 13824 pg/mL;尿隐血阳性(+),蛋白性尿(++);抗核抗体全套及胞质型、核周型抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体( ANCA )无异常。胸部CT示,双肺可见大量片状影,尤以左肺明显(图1B)。入院诊断:慢性肾功能不全,尿毒症期并尿毒症性心脏病,心功能Ⅳ级,动静脉内瘘术后;高血压病2级(极高危);肺部感染?入院后予呋塞米40 mg口服,2次/d;开始3 d加用呋塞米40 mg静注,1次/d;再配以硝酸甘油扩管,头孢地嗪2g/d抗炎治疗。患者症状逐渐减轻,第4天水肿消退,第7天肺部湿罗音消失。3月25日复查胸部CT,双肺阴影全部吸收(图1C)。最后诊断:慢性肾功能不全,尿毒症期并尿毒症性心脏病,心功能Ⅳ级,动静脉内瘘术后。
机构地区 武汉市汉口医院
出处 《山东医药》 CAS 2014年第48期109-110,共2页 Shandong Medical Journal
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参考文献9

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共引文献43

同被引文献9

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