摘要
目的了解贫困地区学生营养状况,为我国学生营养改善工作及相关政策的实施提供理论依据。方法从22个省(直辖市、自治区、新疆建设兵团)699个"农村义务教育学生营养改善计划"监测县的每个县中,按照学校食堂供餐、企业(单位)供餐和家庭(个人)托餐等3种供餐模式,各随机整群抽取30%的小学和初中,共1 635 638名学生。按照统一标准方法测量调查学生的身高、体重。结果调查学生除11,13岁年龄组体重外其余各年龄组身高、体重、体质量指数(BMI)、性别间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。营养不良率为18.0%,男生(19.6%)高于女生(16.2%)(χ2=3 089.4,P<0.01);小学生(19.3%)高于初中生(13.9%)(χ2=3 304.1,P<0.01);超重/肥胖率为9.2%,男生(10.6%)高于女生(7.7%)(χ2=4 305.1,P<0.01),小学生(9.6%)高于初中生(6.6%)(χ2=2 414.7,P<0.01)。结论贫困地区学生同时存在营养不良和超重肥胖,在对其进行营养不良改善的同时,还应注意超重肥胖的防控。
Objective To analyze nutritional status among students in poor areas, and to provide theoretical basis for nu- trition improvement and implementation. Methods About 30% primary and junior middle schools were selected randomly from each county of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students （ NIPRCES, 699 counties） by three food supply modes school-, company-, and family-basod ）. Height and weight were measured according to the standard methods. Results A total of 1 635 638 primary and junior high school students were selected. Malnutrition detection rate was 18.0% ,which was higher in boys than in girls （ 19.6% v.s. 16.2%, P〈0.01） , and also higher in primary school students than in junior middle school students （ 19.3% v. s. 13.9%, P〈0.01 ）. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 9.2%, higher in boys than in girls （ 10.6% v.s. 7.7% ,P〈0.01 ）, higher in primary school students than in junior middle school students （9.6% v.s. 6.6% ,P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion In addition to the presence of malnutrition in poor areas, overweight and obesity also exist. Attention should be paid to both malnutrition and obesity prevention and intervention.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第12期1783-1785,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
营养状况
贫困区
学生
Nutritional status
Poverty areas
Students
