摘要
以遥感影像数据、专题数据、DEM数据、气象站实测数据和统计数据为数据源,采用极差法、层次分析法、综合指数法、RS&GIS等方法对长白山地区的生态安全进行了评价。结果表明:长白山地区生态安全水平呈现出明显的空间差异性,整体由中部向东西两端逐渐降低。各生态安全等级面积从大到小为临界安全等级、较安全等级、不安全等级、较不安全等级、安全等级。统计了各行政单元的平均生态安全指数和等级构成,各县市生态安全水平从高到低为长白县、抚松县、安图县、和龙市、临江市,各县市的生态安全等级构成也有所差异。长白山地区生态安全水平以临界安全等级为主,整体上生态环境质量一般,系统服务功能受到了一定程度的破坏。
This paper would like to take Changbai Mountain region as the case study area for establishing an ecological security index system based on PSR model. In proceeding with our research, we have selected 20 indexes and utilized RS image data, thematic data, DEM data, observational data offered by the metrologieal stations, in addition to the statistical data gained by us as the main data sources. According to the index system, we have applied the Range Method for index standardization, and AHP to determine the weights of the indexes, and the Comprehensive Index Method with the purpose to work out the ecological security index. From the point of view of ecological security criteria and in review of the current literature, we have divided the ecological security indexes into five grades, that is to say, insecure grade, less insecure grade, critical grade, less secure grade and secure grade. And, then, we have done the assessments for the ecological security grades in the Mountain region based on the pixel level and administrative divisions. The results of our study have shown that： the ecological security situation of the Mountain region can reflect the significant spatial differences, which can be used to represent a gradual descending trend from the central to the eastern and western ends. The area of each ecological security grade ranked as follows： criticality security grade 〉 less security grade 〉 insecurity grade 〉 less insecurity grade 〉 security grade, whose different repre- senting percentages can be respectively 42.72 %, 27.57 %, 10.47 %, 10.36% and 8.88%. The study results also accounted for the mean ecological security indexes and grades, the ecological security grades in the countryside and the urban areas ranked as follows： Changbai County 〉 Fusong County 〉 Antu County 〉 Helong City 〉 Linjiang City, which indicate that the ecological security level were in a descending order in the urban areas, in the structure of ecological security grades varied from city to city. It was in critical security grade, mainly in this region. As to the ecological environment quality in general, the system service function has been damaged to some extent with the degradation effect aggravated. Therefore, the general situation can be stated as follows ： with the change of ecological structure, the anti-pollution measures and power are not enough, and, so is the self-recovery rate： Thus, with the ecological problems being evident, the ecological disasters occur from time to time. All in all, the chief driving force and dominant factor influencing the ecological environment safety and security remains the human beings themselves.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期343-349,共7页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41071333,41110006)
韩国首尔市立大学国际合作项目(201304221114)
关键词
环境科学技术基础学科
安全科学
生态安全评价
RS&GIS
综合指数法
长白山地区
basic disciplines of environmental science and technolo-gy
safety science
ecological security assessruent
RS＆GIS
comprehensive index method
Changbai Mountain region
