摘要
蓝藻地衣是附生植物类群的重要组成部分,在森林生态系统的环境监测和养分循环中发挥着重要作用。该研究在云南哀牢山亚热带森林系统的2种原生和6种次生森林群落中,以粉缘绵毛衣(Leioderma sorediatum)、天蓝猫耳衣(Leptogium azureum)、网肺衣(Lobaria retigera)和双缘牛皮叶(Sticta duplolimbata)4种常见蓝藻地衣为对象,共设立120个样地,调查了它们在3 600株树木0–2 m树干上的分布,探讨其分布特征及与森林类群、宿主种类以及林龄等生境因子的关系。研究发现4种蓝藻地衣在森林群落间的分布模式明显不同。除双缘牛皮叶的盖度和频度在原生苔藓矮林中最高外,其他3种蓝藻地衣的最高值均出现于次生林如厚皮香(Ternstroemia gymnanthera)林和滇山杨(Populus bonatii)林中;而哀牢山地区广布的原生木果柯(Lithocarpus xylocarpus)林中,4种蓝藻地衣极为少见。4种地衣都能生长于10多个树种上,但明显表现出对厚皮香、滇山杨和硬壳柯(Lithocarpus hancei)等树种的偏好性,以及对小花山茶(Camellia forrestii)等的排斥性。森林群落的林龄、胸径、最大胸径、林冠开阔度、基面积、树木密度和树种多样性等因子的变化均对4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布产生重要影响,但在景观尺度上影响程度相对较小,在不同森林群落内部却有各自的重要作用。其中,林龄、林冠开阔度和宿主胸径是影响蓝藻地衣分布的最重要的生境因子。
Aims Epiphytic cyanolichens are an important component of epiphytes and play a vital role in environmental monitoring and nutrient cycling in various forest ecosystems. The objectives of this study were to（1） quantify the coverage and frequency of epiphytic cyanolichens across forest types,（2） assess the importance of forest type and tree species on the distribution of cyanolichens, and（3） determine the influence of habitat variables on epiphytic cyanolichens at the scale of a forest landscape as well as within communities. Methods We investigated the coverage and frequency of four common cyanolichen species： Leioderma sorediatum, Leptogium azureum, Lobaria retigera, and Sticta duplolimbata, on 0–2.0 m trunk in 120 plots of two primary and six secondary forest types in the subtropical Ailao Mountains of Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Thirty trees in each plot and a total of 3600 trees were selected for lichen sampling in the eight forests. Important findings Coverage and frequency of the four epiphytic cyanolichens differed significantly among forest types. While the highest values of S. duplolimbata occurred in the primary dwarf mossy forest, those of other three species occurred in the secondary Ternstroemia gymnanthera and Populus bonatii forests. However, they were relatively rare in the primary Lithocarpus forest. All the target cyanolichen species were found on more than ten host tree species, and showed clear preferences for some tree species such as T. gymnanthera, P. bonatii and Lithocarpus hancei while excluded from other tree species such as Camellia forrestii. The results also highlighted the importance of habitat variables such as stand age, tree diameter, maximum diameter, canopy openness, basal area, host stem density and tree species diversity on the distribution of epiphytic cyanolichens. The correlation coefficients between cyanolichens and habitat variables were generally very small at the forest landscape scale, whereas some of the correlations were strong within forest types. Of the habitat variables, stand age, canopy openness and tree diameter were the major factors determining the distribution of cyanolichens.
出处
《植物生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期217-228,共12页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
国家青年科学基金(31400384)
NSFC-云南省联合基金重点项目(U1133605)
中国科学院"西部之光"西部博士基金
关键词
附生地衣
生境因子
森林类型
宿主种类
山地森林
盖度
云南
epiphytic lichen
habitat variable
forest type
host species
montane forest
coverage
Yunnan
