摘要
Slabbing failure often occurs in the surround rock near a deep underground excavation. The mechanism of slabbing failure is still unclear. In order to reveal the influence of the intermediate principal stress （σ2） on slabbing failure, true triaxial unloading compressive test was carried out based on the stress path of the underground engineering excavation, i.e., unloading the minimum principal stress （σ3）, keeping σ2, increasing the maximum principal stress （σ1）. The initiation and the propagation of slabbing fracture in rock specimens were identified by examining the acoustic emission （AE） and the infrared radiation characterization. The test results show that the failure modes of the granite and red sandstone specimens are changed from shear to slabbing with the increase of σ2. The AE characteristic of rock specimen under low σ2 is swarm type which is the main shock type under high σ2. The infrared radiation properties of rock specimen under different σ2 are also different. The temperature change area is just along the shear fracture such as the uniaxial compression. With the increase of σ2, the temperature change area is planar of rock specimen which proofs that the failure mode of rock specimen turns into slabbing.
深埋地下工程围岩常出现板裂化破坏,而对于板裂破坏的机理尚不明确。考虑到工程开挖卸载的应力路径,即"卸载最小主应力,保持中间主应力,增大最大主应力",为了揭示中间主应力对岩石板裂破坏的影响,开展真三轴卸载岩石压缩试验。通过监测试验过程中岩石试件的声发射和红外热辐射特性,分析岩石板裂破坏的发生和发展。试验结果表明:随着中间主应力的增大,岩石的破坏模式逐渐由剪切破坏转变为板裂破坏。当中间主应力较小时,岩石的声发射为群震型;而当中间主应力较大时,岩石的声发射为主震型。在不同的中间主应力下,岩石的红外热辐射特性也不同。当中间主应力较小时,岩石试件的临空面上温度变化区域为剪切面,当中间主应力较大时,温度变化区域为岩石的整个临空面,进一步证明了岩石的破坏模式转变为板裂破坏。
基金
Project(2010CB732004)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
Projects(50934006,11102239)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
