摘要
目的 分析丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU)对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进患者的治疗效果.方法 按照纳入标准选取青海省妇女儿童医院妇产科收治的妊娠前有甲状腺功能亢进病史的100例妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进初产妇为研究对象,根据妊娠过程中甲状腺功能亢进症状复发的时间将患者分为妊娠早、中、晚期组,分别为35、33、32例.用PTU进行治疗,比较治疗前及分娩后母血及新生儿脐血中甲状腺功能指标,包括三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)、游离T3(FF3)、游离T4(FT4)、血清促甲状腺素(TSH)水平差异.比较3组患者胎儿围产期结局、妊娠并发症及新生儿情况.结果 治疗前母血中T3、T4、FT3、FT4、TSH分别为(3.8 ±1.1) μg/L、(296 ± 13) μg/L、(19.3±0.6) pmol/L、(71.0±3.2) pmol/L、(0.81 ±0.ll)mIU/L,分娩后母血中T3、T4、FT3、FT4、TSH分别为(1.8±1.0) μg/L、(155±6)μg/L、(5.0±0.4)pmol/L、(18.3±1.1)pmoL/L、(1.97±0.13)mIU/L,新生儿脐血中T3、T4、FT3、FT4、TSH分别为(1.8±0.7)μg/L、(152±10) μg/L、(5.0±0.9)pmol/L、(17.1 ±0.4) pmol/L、(2.02±1.14) mIU/L.与治疗前比较,患者分娩后的甲状腺功能指标均明显改善,差异有统计学意义(均P <0.05).新生儿脐血甲状腺功能指标均在正常范围内,且与分娩后母血比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).妊娠早、中、晚期组患者分娩后新生儿人数分别为39、38、40例.妊娠晚期组早产、妊娠高血压、心力衰竭、重度子痫及新生儿入重症监护室发生率分别高于妊娠早、中期组[31.2%(10/32)比5.7% (2/35)、9.1%(3/33),68.8% (22/32)比20.0%(7/35)、27.3%(9/33),40.6%(13/32)比8.6%(3/35)、15.2%(5/33),28.1%(9/32)比2.8%(1/35)、6.1% (2/33),47.5%(19/40)比25.6%(10/39)、21.1% (8/38)];妊娠晚期组低体质量儿、新生儿甲状腺功能亢进、胎儿窘迫发生率明显高于妊娠早期组[低体质量儿:75.0% (30/40)比33.3% (13/39),新生儿甲状腺功能亢进:20.0%(8/40)比2.6%(1/39),胎儿窘迫:50.0% (20/40)比17.9% (7/39)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).治疗期间,部分患者有皮肤瘙痒、白细胞减少、皮疹,妊娠早期组上述不良反应发生率分别为8.6%(3/35)、20.0%(7/35)、14.3%(5/35);妊娠中期组分别为12.1%(4/33)、9.1%(3/33)、12.1%(4/33);妊娠晚期组分别为9.4%(3/32)、15.6%(5/32)、15.6%(5/32),3组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).3组患者经调整PTU用量后,症状均好转.结论 对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进患者进行PTU治疗,对患者稳定甲状腺功能、降低产后并发症发生率及改善新生儿情况有一定的积极意义.
Objective To analyze the effect of propylthiouracil (PTU) in treatment of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy.Methods Totally 100 primiparae with history of hyperthyroidism were enrolled and divided into the first trimester group (35 cases),the second trimester group (33 cases) and the third trimester group (32 cases) according to the date of hyperthyroidism recurrence.All the patients were administrated with PTU.Before treatment and after delivery,the thyroid function parameters of the mother and neonate including triiodothyronine (T3),tetraiodothyronine (T4),free T3 (FT3) and free T4 (FT4) and thyrotropin (TSH) were measured.The perinatal outcomes,pregnancy complication and neonate condition were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results The T3,T4,FT3,FT4,TSH level in the mother blood was (3.8 ± 1.1) μg,/L,(296 ± 13) μg/L,(19.3 ±0.6) pmol/L,(71.0 ± 3.2) pmol/L and (0.81 ±0.11) mIU/L before treatment,and they were all improved after delivery [(1.8 ± 1.0) μg/L,(155 ± 6) μg/L,(5.0 ± 0.4) pmol/L,(18.3 ± 1.1) pmol/L,(1.97 ± 0.13) mIU/L] (all P < 0.05).The T3,T4,FT3,FT4,TSH level in the neonatal umbilical cord blood was (1.8±0.7) μg/L,(152±10) μg/L,(5.0±0.9) pmol/L,(17.1 ±0.4) pmol/L,(2.02±1.14) mIU/L;the indexes were all normal and showed no statistical difference compared with those in the mother blood after delivery (P > 0.05).There were 39,38 and 40 neonatus born in the first trimester,the second trimester and the third trimester group,respectively.The incidence of premature delivery or abortion,hypertension,heart failure,severe preeclampsia,admission to intensive care unit in the third trimester group were higher than those in the first trimester and the second trimester group [31.2% (10/32) vs 5.7% (2/35),9.1% (3/33);68.8% (22/32) vs 20.0% (7/35),27.3% (9/33);40.6% (13/32)vs 8.6% (3/35),15.2% (5/33);28.1% (9/32)vs 2.8% (1/35),6.1% (2/33);47.5% (19/40) vs 25.6% (10/39),21.1% (8/38)].The incidence of low birth weight,neonatal hyperthyroidism,fetal distress in the third trimester group were significantly higher than those in the first trimester group [75.0% (30/40) vs 33.3% (13/39),20.0% (8/40) vs 2.6% (1/39),50.0% (20/40) vs 17.9% (7/39)].During the treatment,the incidence of skin itch,leukopenia and rash was 8.6% (3/35),20.0% (7/35) and 14.3% (5/35) in the first trimester group;they were 12.1% (4/33),9.1% (3/33),12.1% (4/33) in the second trimester group,and 9.4% (3/32),15.6% (5/32),15.6% (5/32) in the third trimester group,no significant differences were found among the three groups (P >0.05).The symptoms were improved in all patients after dose adjustment of PTU.Conclusion PTU can maintain the thyroid function,reduce the incidence of postpartum complications and improve the maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancy women with hyperthyroidism.
出处
《中国医药》
2015年第5期682-686,共5页
China Medicine