摘要
[目的]研究不同坡度和降雨强度条件下,不同覆被的减流减沙效果,定量分析各侵蚀影响因子的权重。[方法]采用室内人工模拟降雨的方法。[结果](1)与裸地相比,枯落物、砾石和黑麦草均具有良好的减流减沙效果,枯落物的减流效果最好,减流效益最大为79.7%,平均减流效益46.1%。其次为黑麦草,最大减流效益68.9%。第三为砾石,最大减流效益68.0%。(2)黑麦草的减流效果存在临界盖度,其值在60%左右,当盖度大于60%后其减流效益不再增加。(3)减沙效益随着盖度的增加而增加,枯落物、砾石和草地最大减沙效益分别为98.8%,64.6%和88.1%。(4)经过灰色关联定量分析得出选取的8个影响因子与径流均有较高的关联性,关联度都在0.622 3以上。[结论]不同试验条件和不同覆被对坡面产流产沙具有明显影响,降雨强度和降雨量是对泥沙量影响较大的因素,降雨强度、降雨量、覆被盖度和坡度是对径流量影响较大的4个因子,影响因子与径流和泥沙的关联度和关联序因土壤种类不同而存在差异。
[Objective]To explore the effect of different rainfall intensity and slope gradient under the conditions of different cover on runoff and sediment reduction effect,and to quantitative determine the weight of erosion influence factors.[Methods]Use the methods of artificial rainfall and gray correlation analysis.[Results]（1）Compared with bare land,the slope with litter,gravel and ryegrass had a good effect on runoff and sediment reduction,reducing the flow of benefits to a maximum of 79.7%,the average current reducing benefits was 46.1%.Followed by ryegrass,with maximum flow reducing benefits of 68.9%.The third is gravel,with maximum flow reducing benefits of 68%.（2）Ryegrass flow reducing effect exists critical coverage,its value was in the 60% or so,when the coverage was more than 60%after the current reducing benefits,no longer increased.（3）Sediment reduction effect increased with the increase of coverage,the biggest sediment reduction effect of the litter,gravel and lawn were 98.8%,64.6% and 88.1% respecitively.（4）Through gray correlation quantitative analysis on selected 8influence factors and runoff had high correlation,correlation degree was more than 0.622 3.[Conclusion]The different test conditions and different cover on runoff and sediment yield had significant effect,the rainfall intensity and rainfall is larger on the factors affecting sediment yield,rainfall intensity,rainfall,cover and slope were 4factors which had greater influence on runoff,the influence of correlation degree and correlation factors and runoff and sediment sequence for different types of soil.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
2015年第2期46-51,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金"基于稳定同位素的典型森林生态系统水
碳过程及其耦合机制研究"(41430747)
国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(20130430104)
关键词
模拟降雨
产流
产沙
灰色关联
simulated rainfall
runoff
sediment
grey correlation
