摘要
随机选择我国西南地区22个自然村,通过问卷调查、现场采样和实验室测试等方法,对当地农村生活垃圾的污染和处理现状,垃圾特征,群众对生活垃圾的认知、支付意愿和影响因素进行调研。结果表明,我国西南地区农村人均生活垃圾产生量为178 g·d-1,主要组分为厨余、灰土、橡胶和纸类。垃圾容重、含水率、灰分、可燃物和热值分别为107 kg·m-3、37.04%、25.73%、37.23%和8 008 k J·kg-1。该地区生活垃圾具有惰性物质含量低、容重低,可回收物比例和热值高的特征。群众对生活垃圾的污染性认知主要来源于直观感受,对可回收生活垃圾的认知直接受当地废品回收商的影响,对有毒有害垃圾的认知不足。年龄、受教育程度和家庭年收入对认知水平有一定的影响,对群众支付意愿无明显影响。群众的支付意愿与垃圾收费呈指数衰减关系,以每户每月不超过5元为宜。在西南地区农村实施生活垃圾处理收费制度已具有一定的基础。
Southwest China plays an important role in sustainable development of the country and has become one of the most important ecological shelters in China. Regarding the increasingly serious pollution of domestic wastes, 22 villages were selected randomly in the rural area of southwest China for investigation of status quo of domestic waste pollution, dis- posal of domestic waste, people＇s knowledge of domestic waste and their willingness to pay for domestic waste management by means of questionnaires; features of the domestic waste were investigated by field sampling and laboratory test. Results show that the domestic waste generated in that region was 178 g · d-1 per capita and composed mainly of kitchen waste, dust, rubber and paper. The bulk density, moisture content, ash, combustible content and calorie were 107 kg · m-3, 37.04 %, 25.73 %, 37.23 % and 8 008 kJ · kg-1, respectively. These domestic wastes were featured by low content of inert waste, high content of recyclable, low bulk density and high calorie. People in this area primarily learn about contam- ination of domestic waste from their intuitiveness, and their knowledge of recyclable wastes was greatly influenced by waste recyclers. Moreover, they were lack of knowledge on recognition of toxic wastes. Age, education and annual income of the people significantly influenced their knowledge on domestic wastes, but did not for their willingness to pay for waste man- agement. However, people＇s willingness to pay for waste management decreased exponentially with the charge for waste disposal. If the charge for waste disposal is kept in less than RMB ￥ 5.00 per month per household, it is possible to imple- ment the waste disposal charging system for management of domestic waste in the rural area of Southwest China.
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期314-319,共6页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2012ZL0042)
成都理工大学中青年骨干教师培养计划(KYGG201406)
关键词
生活垃圾
垃圾特征
环保认知
支付意愿
domestic waste
waste characteristics
environmental protection awareness
willingness to pay
