摘要
目的 了解深圳市城中村区域婴儿母乳喂养情况,探讨影响婴儿母乳喂养的相关因素并提出相应对策,以提高婴儿6个月内纯母乳喂养率,为该人群今后母婴保健工作提供理论依据。方法 选取深圳市沙井街道城中村区域居住的2013年8—10月进行产后访视的325名产妇为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷和电话随访方式进行0~6个月婴儿母乳喂养情况调查,用SPSS 13.0软件统计学分析,采用χ2检验,以α=0.05为检验水准,其中多组的两两比较以调整后α=0.017为检验水准,对调查结果 进行统计分析。结果 婴儿纯母乳喂养率与产妇的文化程度和家庭经济收入呈负相关;与剖宫产率呈正相关;与产妇的年龄关系不大,25岁以上和25岁以下年龄组差异无统计学意义。婴儿6个月以内的纯母乳喂养率随月龄增长呈快速下降趋势,由1个月时的87.4%下降到4个月时的59.7%,再下降到6个月时的33.5%。影响4个月以后婴儿纯母乳喂养率的主要因素是奶水不足、过早添加辅食和工作时间不方便哺乳。结论 加大母乳喂养的宣教工作,针对婴儿母乳喂养的影响因素采取有效的干预措施,是提高6个月以内婴儿纯母乳喂养率,促进儿童身体健康发育的有效方法 。要实现中国儿童发展纲要确定的婴儿母乳喂养目标,需要全社会多方面的支持和努力,任重而道远。
Objective To investigate the situation of breastfeeding among infants in urban villages of Shenzhen, and probe the related factor of breastfeeding infants and the countermeasures, thereby improve the rates of infants receiving the exclu- sive breastfeeding in 0 -6 month, also provide a theoretical basis for the future work of maternal and child health among this residents. Methods 325 mothers taking the postpartum visits from August to October of 2013 in the area residence of Shajing community in Shenzhen urban villages received the survey. A self-designed questionnaire and telephone follow-up for breasffeeding among 0 - 6 month infants were carried out. The difference between the each groups were compared with Chi square test by using SPSS 13.0 software. Results The rate of exclusive breasffeeding infants was negatively correla- ted with maternal education level and family income, while positively with the rate of cesarean section, and not with mater- nal age. There was not statistically significant between the age group less than 25 years old and the group over 25 years old. The rate of exclusive breasffeeding infants decreased from 87.4% at one month to 59.7% at 4 months,and to 33.5% at 6 months within 0 to 6 months. The factors that affected the rate of exclusive breasffeeding infants aged over 4 months included insufficient milk, premature complementary feeding, and mother at working time was not convenient for breast- feeding. Conclusions We need to strengthen the public propaganda work, take effective interventions to improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in 0 -6 months infants by considering the influence factors and to promote the health develop- ment of children. The support and efforts of the whole society is necessary for us to achieve the breasffeeding infants＇ goals by Chinese Children＇ s Development Program.
出处
《中华全科医学》
2015年第7期1125-1127,共3页
Chinese Journal of General Practice
基金
广东省深圳市科技研发资金项目(JCYJ201304021-54323280)
关键词
城市流动人口
婴儿
母乳喂养
Urban transient population
Breastfeeding infants
