摘要
根据"良法"的基本标准,可以把改革开放以来中国的儿童保护法律制度的发展划分为三个阶段:(一)提高人口素质为目的的儿童保护阶段(1979—2003)。这一阶段,构建了家庭保护、学校保护、社会保护和司法保护的基本框架,呈现出国家立场、工具本位等特征,但存在法律责任不明确的问题。(二)儿童作为权利主体受到特殊保护阶段(2004—2013)。在人权入宪的背景下,儿童权利保护体系初步形成,呈现出兼顾国家立场和权利本位、形成问题倒逼式立法模式等特征,也留下实体法和程序法之间脱节的问题。(三)走向保护儿童最大利益阶段(2014—)。《关于依法处理监护人侵害未成年人权益行为若干问题的意见》颁布实施,在保障儿童的最大利益,实现行政保护和司法干预的有效衔接上迈出了至关重要的一步,体现了真、善、美统一的良法精神,标志着儿童保护法律制度的正式确立。
According to the fundamental criteria of ＂fine law＂,the advances of the legal framework for protecting Chinese children since the practices of the Open-Door Policy can be discerned into three stages. The first stage is one oriented toward enhancing the population quality （1979--2003） Fit is a stage when the basic framework for protecting by family, school, socie- ty and judiciary were constructed,a stage characterized with a national stance and the instrumentality of law but left with the problem of legal responsibility scope. The second stage is a period when children as the subject of its own received special protection （2004--2013）,during which,against the background of human right that has been recorded in the Constitution, the framework for protecting children＇s right was preliminarily formed,a stage that shows a combination of a national stance and right as the point of departure with the problem driven legislative model,when a gap between substantial law and proce- dure law remained. The third stage is for the maximal benefit of children （2014 ） ,designated by the relevant law set up that takes a great step forward to embody the fine law spirit of the true,the good and the beautiful and the formal establishment of children protection legal system.
出处
《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期40-50,共11页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"我国中小学校方责任保险的理论与实践"(12YJA880151)
关键词
良法
儿童保护
法律制度
监护侵害行为
儿童权利
fine law
children protection
legal framework
torts and criminal acts of legal guardian
the rights of the child
