摘要
采用整株生物测定法研究了8个稗草种对芳氧苯氧丙酸酯类除草剂噁唑酰草胺和氰氟草酯的敏感性,并分析了其生理基础。基于药后25 d干质量GR50(抑制杂草干质量50%所需药剂剂量)的聚类结果显示:对噁唑酰草胺来说,稗草为敏感种群,无芒稗为不敏感种群;对氰氟草酯来说,西来稗为敏感种群,而无芒稗为不敏感种群。稗属不同种群间对2种芳氧苯氧甲酸类除草剂存在明显的差异敏感性。从保护酶活性分析,随着噁唑酰草胺或氰氟草酯处理剂量的增加和时间的延长,无芒稗、西来稗和稗茎叶中的丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,相同剂量下敏感种群的丙二醛含量高于不敏感种群。2种除草剂处理后,过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随剂量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,不敏感种群上升或下降幅度均低于敏感种群,至处理结束时,不敏感种群的酶活总体高于敏感种群。2种除草剂处理后不敏感稗草种群膜脂过氧化酶活性变化幅度小、活性高,丙二醛含量低,可能是其对芳氧苯氧丙酸酯类除草剂耐药的原因。
Echinochloa （ barnyardgrass） has long been considered as one of the most troublesome weeds, causing significant yield loss due to its superiority to rice in competition. The Echinochloa could be classified to eight geographic species in Jiangsu province of China. To date, however, limited information is available on susceptibility of eight Echinoch-loa species to aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility differences of eight Echinochloa species to aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides using whole-plant bioassay, and their physi-ological bases was also explored. The results, based on clustering analysis of GR50 in dry matter after 25-day treatment, showed that E. crusgalli （ L. ） Beavu, and E. crusgalli Beauv var. zelayensis （ H. B. K） Hitche were re-spectively susceptible to metamifop and cyhalofopbutyl, while E. crusgalli Beauv var. zelayensis （ H. B. K） Schult 〈br〉 was tolerant to both herbicides. The susceptible difference also existed in different populations of Echinochloa to two types of aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides. The analyses of the protective enzyme activities revealed that the content of malond-ialdehyde （ MDA） increased in the stem and leaves of E. cruspavonis （ H. B. K） Schult, E. crusgalli （ L. ） Beauv var. ze-layensis （ H. B. K） Hitche and E. crusgalli （ L. ） Beavu with the increased doses of aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides o-ver time of the application of metamifop or cyhalofopbutyl, and the content of MDA in susceptible population was higher than that in tolerant population in the same dose treatment. The activities of peroxidase （ POD） , catalase （ CAT） , and su-peroxide dismutase （ SOD） ascended at first and descended afterwards after two herbicides treatment. The increases in the protective enzymes activities of susceptible populations were lower than that in tolerant one. At the end of the treatment, three kinds of enzymes activities in the susceptible population were lower than that in tolerant one. The results indicated that the slight change and higher activities in membrane lipid peroxidase and lower content of MDA in aryloxyphenoxypropi-onate herbicides-tolerant population of Echinochloa might be responsible for the tolerance.
出处
《江苏农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期543-551,共9页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(13)3063]
公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201303031)
