摘要
分析了互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)相机作为机载光通信精跟踪系统的位置传感器的优势,采用基于CMOS相机与FPGA研制的精跟踪系统,可实现帧频8 800 Hz的图像采集、数据传输、实时图像处理、光斑质心计算以及伺服控制等功能,分析了CMOS相机的噪声、帧频以及光斑质心算法对精跟踪系统跟踪精度的影响,给出了对应的数值分析与实验结果。实验结果表明:CMOS相机噪声对光斑坐标x轴、y轴引起坐标的标准差分别为0.291 9像素,0.120 2像素;当相机帧频从2 200 Hz提高到8 800 Hz时跟踪标准差从1.8降低到0.5个像素;外场光斑质心算法偏差比理想高斯光斑计算结果大8.34-0.71像素。光斑中心算法对跟踪精度影响明显,设计更具针对性的自适应光斑中心算法可以大大改善精跟踪的效果。
The advantages of using complementary metal oxide semiconductor（CMOS） camera as the position sensor for space optical communication fine tracking system are analyzed; with the developed CMOS camera and FPGA fine tracking system,the functions such as image acquisition（8 800 frames per second）,data transmission,real-time image processing,spot center calculation,servo control and etc. are achieved. The impact of CMOS camera noise,frame rate and light spot centroid algorithm on the tracking accuracy of the fine tracking system is analyzed. The corresponding numerical analysis and experiment results are given. The experiment results show that the standard deviations of the spot coordinates x,y caused by CMOS camera noise are 0. 291 9 pixels and 0. 120 2 pixels,respectively; when the CMOS camera frame rate increases from 2 200 Hz to 8 800 Hz,the tracking standard deviation reduces from 1. 8 to 0. 5 pixels; the deviation of the field spot centroid algorithm is 8. 34-0. 71 pixels larger than the ideal Gaussian-distributed beam spot calculation result. The spot centroid algorithm has obvious influence on the tracking accuracy; designing more adaptive spot center algorithm can greatly improve the effect of the fine tracking.
出处
《仪器仪表学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1319-1325,共7页
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
基金
国家自然科学基金(11204220)
航空科学基金(201351S5002)项目资助
关键词
光通信
光电跟踪
精跟踪
CMOS相机
质心算法
laser communication
photoelectric tracking
fine tracking
CMOS camera
centroid algorithm
