摘要
目的 动态观察贵州省普安县燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒（简称燃煤型氟中毒）病区居民户相关健康生活行为及儿童氟中毒病情变化趋势,为采取针对性的干预措施提供依据.方法 采用单纯随机抽样方法,在普安县抽取3个村,于2011-2013年进行连续监测.每个监测年份在每个监测村,按照隔户调查的原则抽取10户家庭调查相关健康生活行为情况;同时对监测村全体8～ 12岁儿童按《氟斑牙诊断》（WS/T 208-2001）进行氟斑牙现场检查,每个年龄组采集10份尿样（男、女各半）,采用《尿中氟化物的测定离子选择电极法》（WS/T89-1996）检测氟含量.结果 2011-2013年,普安县居民户炉灶质量合格率、炉灶正确使用率、供人食用的玉米辣椒正确干燥率均为100.00％ （30/30）;8～ 12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为63.60％（332/522）、25.44％（173/680）、14.29（80/560）,呈逐年降低趋势（x2=324.67,P＜0.05）;8～ 12岁儿童尿氟几何均值分别为0.83、0.84、0.68 mg/L,各年间比较差异有统计学意义（x2=26.89,P＜0.05）,其中2013年明显低于2011、2012年（P均＜ 0.01）.结论 2011-2013年,普安县监测点居民户维持较好的健康生活行为,儿童氟中毒病情逐年下降.
Objective To provide a basis for specific intervention by dynamic observation of the households＇related health life behavior and the children fluorosis change trend caused by the coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Pu＇an County.Methods Three villages were chosen using simple random sampling method in 2011-2013 for continuous monitoring.Every monitoring year in each monitoring village,according to the principle of every household survey,10 households were selected to survey related health life behavior;,and in the monitoring village all the children aged 8-12 years old were selected for ＂Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis＂ （WS/T 208-2001）,and in each age group,10 urine samples （half male half female） were collected,the fluoride content was determined by the ion selective electrode method （WS/T 89-1996）.Results In 2011-2013,the households stoves qualified rate,stoves correct usage rate and the corn or chili correct drying rate were all 100.00% （30/30）.The dental fluorosis incidences of 8-12 years old children were 63.60% （332/522）,25.44% （173/680） and 14.29% （80/560）,respectively,decreased year by year （x2 =324.67,P 〈 0.05）.In 2011-2013,children urinary fluoride levels were 0.83,0.84 and 0.68 mg/L,respectively.The difference between years was statistically significant （x2 =26.89,P 〈 0.05）,and the level in 2013 was significantly lower than those of 2011 and 2012 （all P 〈 0.01）.Conclusion In 2011-2013,the residents in Pu＇an have good health life behavior,and the condition of children＇s dental fluorosis is decreased year by year.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期603-605,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
氟中毒
牙
煤
人群监测
Fluorosis,dental
Coal
Population surveillance
