摘要
在中国当前快速城镇化和城乡二元结构背景下,可持续生计研究不仅对解决农村贫困问题,也对促进居住在城市的大量半城镇化农民的市民化有重要的理论和现实意义。首先回顾了可持续生计的产生与发展历程,并介绍了现有的可持续生计分析框架。然后从理论和实证2个方面归纳了国外可持续生计研究的现状,从脆弱性背景、生计资产、政策机构与作用过程、生计策略与生计输出4个方面总结了国内可持续生计的研究进展。研究认为,当前国内外可持续生计存在的问题包括:理论体系还不够成熟,有待完善;研究方法和技术手段不足,影响研究结果;静态评估为主,缺乏动态预测;以农村地区点状研究为主,缺少城镇化过程中半城镇化农民可持续生计以及宏观层面的研究。最后,提出了未来可持续生计研究的重点方向,包括城镇化进程中大量半城镇化农民的可持续生计研究,宏观尺度的可持续生计研究,人文与自然交叉学科的综合集成研究,基于新技术手段的动态研究,以及典型案例区的可持续生计研究。
Under the background of fast urbanization and urban-rural dual structure in China, the research a- bout sustainable livelihoods has important theoretical and practical meaning for solving the problem of poverty in ru- ral areas and promoting the transformation of semi-urbanized farmers who live in city to urban residents. First, this paper reviewed the emergence and development history of sustainable livelihoods, and introduced current frame- works of sustainable livelihoods analysis. Second, this paper summarized the international research status quo from the aspects of both theory and practice, concluded the domestic research progress from four aspects including vul- nerability context, livelihoods assets, policy and institution influencing process, livelihoods strategy and outcome. This study believed that the problems of current sustainable livelihoods research included： The theoretical system is incomplete and needs to be improved; research methods and technological means are not complete, which could ob- struct research results; most researches focus on rather static assessment than dynamic forecast ; researchers focus mainly on case study in rural areas, lacking in the semi-urbanized farmers in the urbanization process and macro level study. Finally, this paper suggested five key issues of future sustainable livelihoods research including the sustainable livelihoods research of a large number of semi-urbanized farmers in the urbanization process, sustainable livelihoods research at macro level, integrated study of both humanities and natural sciences, dynamic study based on new technological means, and sustainable livelihoods research in typical case areas.
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第7期823-833,共11页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"半城镇化农民生计状态评估及市民化阻滞因素与政策调控"(编号:41301121)和"中国现代人地关系演进的资源环境基础研究"(编号:41430636)资助
关键词
可持续生计
半城镇化农民
城镇化
Sustainable livelihoods
Semi-urbanized farmers
Urbanization.
