摘要
目的了解2012-2014年龙岩市手足口病病原学特征和流行病学特征,为龙岩市手足口病的防控提供病原学依据。方法用荧光RT-PCR方法对龙岩市各监测哨点医院送检的1 644例手足口病病例样本,进行肠道病毒核酸检测,并对检测结果进行统计描述和分析。结果 1 644例手足口病病例中,检出肠道病毒核酸阳性1 290例,阳性率为78.47%,其中EV71阳性290例,阳性率为17.64%;CoxA16阳性286例,阳性率为17.40%;未分型肠道病毒711例,阳性率为43.25%;EV71+CoxA16混合感染3例,阳性率为0.18%。重症病例以EV71为主;患者年龄11d^47岁,平均(2.37±1.92岁),患者主要为≤3岁幼儿,共1 115例,占86.43%,不同性别患者阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.29,P>0.05)。手足口病全年各月均可发病,具有明显的季节性,病例数主要集中在4~7月,占病例总数的44.40%。2012-2014年共报告重症病例26例,死亡1例,死亡病例病原体为EV71型。EV71为重症病例和死亡病例的主要病原体。结论 2012-2014年引起龙岩市手足口病的流行有明显的季节性,≤3岁幼儿为手足口病防控的重点人群,2012年手足口病病原构成以EV71为主,2013年和2014年手足口病病原构成发生变化,由其他肠道病毒占主导地位,因此应加强未分型样本的监测工作。
Objectives To ascertain the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in Longyan and to provide scientific evidence for HFMD prevention and control. Methods One thousand six hundred and forty four throat swab samples were collected from patients with HFMD in Longyan. Real-time PCR was used to detect enterovirus, enterovirus 71 （EVT1）, and Coxsackievirus A16 （CoxA16）, and the results were described statistically and analyzed. Results Of the 1 644 patients with HFMD, 1 290 tested positive for an enterovirus at a rate of 78.47%. Of the positive samples, 290 tested positive for EV71 （a rate of 17.64%）, 286 tested positive for CoxA16 （a rate of 17.40%）, and 711 tested positive for an enterovirus of an undetermined type （a rate of 43.25%）. Three samples tested positive for a mixed infection of EVT1 and CoxA16 （a rate of 0. 18%）. Severe cases of HFMD were primarily caused by EV71. Patient ages ranged from 11 days to 47 years, with an average age of 2.37±1.92 years. Most patients were children under 3 years of age （i, 115/1,290, 86.43 % ）. There were no significant gender differences （χ2=2.29, P 〉0.05）. HFMD occurred in various months throughout the year and varied seasonally, with most cases occurring from April to July （730/1644, 44.40%）. From 2012 to 2014, 26 severe cases and 1 death were reported. Death in that case was due to EV71. Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in Longyan varied seasonally from 2012 to 2014. HFMD prevention and control efforts should focus on children under 3 years of age. In 2012, the primary pathogen causing HFMD was EV71, but another enterovirus caused HFMD in 2013 and 2014. These results indicate that the monitoring of HFMD pathogens needs be enhanced.
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期536-538,共3页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
基金
福建省卫生厅青年科研课题项目(No.2014-1-95)
