摘要
以早熟棉新品系邯901为试验材料,在晚春播、不覆盖地膜种的植模式下,研究了不同播期(5月5日、5月10日、5月15日)和种植密度(7.5万、9.0万、10.5万株/hm2)对棉花农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:早播且种植密度较小时,有利于棉花单株果枝数和铃数的增加,其中5月5日播种、种植密度为7.5万株/hm2时指标值最高;早播种且种植密度较大时,有利于棉花总铃数、霜前花率以及霜前籽棉、籽棉和皮棉产量的增加,其中5月5日播种、种植密度为9.0万株/hm2时指标值最高,但是在推迟播期(5月15日)情况下通过增加种植密度(10.5万株/hm2)同样可以获得较高产量;晚播种且种植密度较大时,可以减少棉花烂铃,其中播期推迟至5月15日或种植密度增大到10.5万株/hm2时可以有效减少烂铃;试验播期和密度条件下不同水平对棉花铃重和衣分影响不大。因此建议,在黄淮棉区采用"晚密早"的栽培模式,即实行晚春播(5月15日)、增加种植密度(10.5万株/hm2)种植早熟棉品种,可使棉花吐絮期躲过雨季,减少烂铃,获得较高产量,节省人力和投入,增加棉田纯收益。
Using early-maturing cotton line Han 901 as material, agronomic characters and yield were studied under different sowing dates （May 5, May 10, May 15） and densities （ 7.5 × 104, 9.0 × 10 4, 10. 5 × 10 4 plants/hm2 ） by non-covering mulch in late spring sowing time. The results indicated that cotton branch and bell number under early sowing and low planting density were more than the other treatments, and under the sowing date and density of May 15 and 7.5 × 10 4 plants/hm2 they reached the highest. The total number of the bell and yield of pre-frost seed cotton and seed cotton reached maximum in the treatment of sowing date and density May 5 and 9.0 × 10 4 plants/hm2. The yield of seed cotton and lint cotton had no significantly decreased by delaying sowing date and increasing density to 10. 5 × 10 4 plants/hm2. Sowing date and planting density had little impact on boll weight and lint. Thus, a new cropping patterns was proposed in Huang-Huai Region, planting early maturing cotton varieties by appropriately increasing planting density in late spring sowing time. The planting patterns can make cotton wadding stages to avoid the rainy season, reduce bad bell, obtain larger yield, save manpower and investment, increase cotton net benefits.
出处
《河北农业科学》
2015年第4期15-17,55,共4页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
黄淮棉区转基因特早熟棉花新材料及新品种创制(2014ZX0 8005002-007)
国家棉花产业技术体系冀南综合试验站项目(CARS-18-28)
关键词
播期
密度
早熟棉
产量
Sowing date
Density
Early-maturing cotton
Yield
