摘要
目的 探讨沙尘气溶胶暴露对大鼠肺功能及肺组织病理的影响.方法 将120只Wistar雄性大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为未处理对照组、处理对照组和实验组各40只.实验组每天暴露于风洞模拟的沙尘暴环境中5h;未处理对照组置于风洞旁通风干燥恒温的标准生存环境中,处理对照组暴露于风速和实验组相同,但不含沙尘的环境中5h;分别在实验第30、60、90、120天行肺功能检测及肺组织电镜检查.结果 实验组第90、120天的肺顺应性（Cdyn）分别为（0.227±0.023）、（0.198±0.022） ml/cmH2O（1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa）,用力肺活量（FVC）分别为（6.24±0.29）、（5.59±0.19） ml,均显著低于未处理对照组[Cdyn：（0.266±0.014）、（0.265±0.018） ml/cmH2O;FVC：（7.15±0.23）、（7.17±0.20） ml]和处理对照组[Cdyn：（0.269±0.015）、（0.264±0.019） ml/cmH2O;FVC：（7.14±0.19）、（7.15±0.21）ml]（均P＜0.05）;实验组第120天呼出50％肺活量时最大呼气流速、最大呼气流量分别为（12.3±2.2）、（25.79±0.42） m]/s,均显著低于未处理对照组的（15.9±2.5）、（27.99±0.36） ml/s和处理对照组的（15.8±2.1）、（27.90±0.38） ml/s（均P＜0.01）;实验组第120天第0.2秒用力呼气量占FVC百分比均显著高于未处理对照组、处理对照组[（85±5）％、（73±4）％、（73±4）％,均P ＜0.05].电镜观察见未处理对照组和处理对照组在第30、60、90、120天肺组织无明显异常.实验组第30天肺组织Ⅰ型肺泡上皮细胞明显水肿,Ⅱ型细胞增生;第60天Ⅱ型细胞大量增生,基底膜变薄和破坏;第90天Ⅱ型细胞数目减少,板层体排空;第120天时肺泡间隔内大量胶原纤维形成.结论 暴露于一定时间的强沙尘暴环境可引起大鼠肺功能下降和肺部病理损害,与暴露时间呈正相关.
Objective To investigate the effect of dust aerosol exposure on lung function and lung histopathology in rats.Methods According to random number table method,120 Wistar male rats were divided into untreated control group,treated control group and experimental group,with 40 rats in each group.Experimental group were exposed to the wind tunnel simulation of sandstorm for 5 hours in every day;the untreated control group were put in the standard living environment next to the wind tunnel;the treated control group were exposed to the same wind tunnel simulation of sandstorm for 5 hours in every day,and the speed of wind was the same as the experimental group,but excluding dust.At different time points,the lung function and electron microscopy were performed in all rats.Results The level of Dynamic Compliance （Cdyn） （（0.227 ± 0.023）,（0.198 ± 0.022） ml/cmH2O,1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa） and forced vital capacity （FVC） （（6.24 ±0.29）,（5.59 ±0.19） ml） were lower in the experimental group at 90 and 120 days,as compared to the untreated control group （Cdyn：（0.266 ± 0.014）,（0.265 ± 0.018） ml/cmH2 O;FVC：（7.15 ±0.23）,（7.17 ±0.20） ml） and treated control group （Cdyn：（0.269 ±0.015）,（0.264 ± 0.019） ml/cmH2O;FVC：（7.14 ±0.19）,（7.15 ±0.21） ml） （all P 〈0.05）.At 120 days,The level of the forced expiratory flow after 50% of the FVC （（12.3 ±2.2） ml/s） and peak expiratory flow （（25.79 ± 0.42） ml/s） were lower in the experimental group,as compared to the untreated control group （（15.9 ± 2.5）,（27.99 ± 0.36） ml/s） and treated control group （（15.8 ± 2.1）,（27.90 ± 0.38） ml/s） （all P 〈 0.01）.The FVC rate of 0.2 second in the experimental group was higher than that in the untreated control group and treated control group （（85 ± 5） %,（73 ± 4） %,（73 ± 4） %,all P 〈 0.05）.The electron microscopy showed that the lung tissues had no obvious abnormalities at 30,60,90 and 120 days in untreated control group and treated control group.But in the experimental group,at 30 days,the endothelial cells of alveolar type Ⅰ cells were swelled and the number of alveolar type Ⅱ cells were increased;at 60 days,alveolar type Ⅱ cells hyperplastic,basement membrane thinned and destructed;at 90 days,the number of alveolar type Ⅱ cells decreased,Lamellar body evacuation;at 120 days,a lot of collagen fiber was formed in the alveolar septa.Conclusions The strong sandstorm environmental exposure to a certain period of time can cause the decline of lung function and the damage of lung histopathology in rats.Exposure time was positively correlated with the damage of lung tissue.
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第32期2634-2638,共5页
National Medical Journal of China
基金
国家自然科学基金（41161019）
关键词
天气和发病
沙尘暴
肺功能
病理
大鼠
Weather ＆ invasion
Sandstorm
Lung function
Pathological
Rats
