摘要
山东是蓝莓种植大省,至2014年底,种植面积约3 000hm2,年产量约为5万t。为探讨山东栽培蓝莓根系内生真菌的菌群组成和分布特点,利用组织分离法从山东4个地区2个蓝莓栽培品种根系中分离内生真菌1 345株。利用形态特征和分子生物学方法鉴定为29属,其中卵菌1属,占0.45%;担子菌2属,占2.15%;子囊菌17属,占31.16%;无性型真菌9属,占60.82%;其余5.42%无法明确鉴定。结果表明:山东省栽培蓝莓根系内生真菌的菌群多样性丰富,其中以镰孢属Fusarium为优势菌群,分离频率为31.67%;木霉属Trichoderma、青霉属Penicillium、枝孢属Cladosporium、涛旋孢属Zalerion是亚优势种群。不同地区栽培蓝莓根系内生真菌的结构和组成存在一定差异。镰孢属Fusarium是2种栽培蓝莓根系内生真菌的优势菌群。多样性指数的分析反映出蓝莓根系内生真菌菌群的多样性水平存在差异,威海"杜克"的多样性指数(H′)和丰富度指数(R)最高,分别为2.835 9和4.264 3,泰安"杜克"的均匀度指数(E)最高,为0.939 1。由相似性原理得出,各地区之间的内生真菌相似性系数处于中等不相似与中等相似之间,威海和青岛之间的内生真菌菌群相似性最高,它们之间的Jaccard指数和Sorenson指数分别为0.57和0.73。
Shandong is one of the major blueberry growing areas in China.By the end of 2014,the planting area was about3 000hm2 and the annual production was about 50 000 tons.In order to explore the community structure and distribution pattern of endophytic fungi in roots of blueberry,healthy root samples were collected from four main planting locations,which were Qingdao,Tai＇an,Weihai and Yantai.The sampled blueberry belonged to 2cultivars,viz.,‘Bluecrop＇and‘Duke＇.A total of 1 345 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from root samples.Based on morphological methods and molecular techniques,29 genera were identified,including one genus of Oomycetes（0.45%）,two genera of Basidiomycetes（2.15%）,seventeen genera of Ascomycetes（31.16%）,nine genera of Fungi Imperfecti（60.82%）,the residual 5.42%of all isolates were not identified.The results showed that plentiful fungal diversity was present in the roots of cultivated blueberry plant in Shandong Province,of which the species in Fusarium was the predominant groups of endophtic fungi,its relative isolation frequency was 31.67%.The species of Trichoderma,Penicillium,Cladosporium and Zalerion were the subdominant groups.The fungal population structures and composition of endophytic fungi varied with cultivars and sites,and also had regularity to a certain extent.Fusariumoccurred in all the 2investigated blueberry plants.The fungal diversities in roots of the two blueberry plants all grown in four investigated sites were significantly different.‘Duke＇of Weihai was the highest in Shannon diversity index（H′=2.835 9）and Margalef richness index（R=4.264 3）.‘Duke＇of Tai＇an was the highest in Pielou evenness index（E=0.939 1）.The similarity coefficients of fungal populations in roots of blueberry were highest in Weihai and Qingdao（Cj=0.57 and Cs=0.73）.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第21期25-30,共6页
Northern Horticulture
基金
山东省科技发展计划资助项目(ZR2012GSF12110
2012YD11009)
山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2014CM004)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSFC31200248)
关键词
分离频率
优势菌群
多样性指数
相似性指数
isolation frequency
dominant population
diversity index
similarity coefficient
