摘要
使用《疟疾防治工作调查表》(全国疾病控制调查制度2013年版"卫统32表")收集2014年全国31个省(直辖市、自治区,未包括台湾、香港和澳门地区)的疟疾疫情数据资料进行整理、统计和分析。除内蒙古自治区无病例报告外,全国30个省(直辖市、自治区)680县(市、区)共报告疟疾病例3 078例,较2013年(4 128例)下降25.4%,发病率为0.022 6/万;病例数位居前5位的是云南(17.3%,533/3 078)、江苏(11.5%,355/3 078)、四川(8.6%,266/3 078)、河南(7.0%,216/3 078)、浙江(7.0%,215/3 078)等5个省(自治区)。本地感染病例56例(占1.8%,56/3 078),主要分布在云南边境(9个县)和西藏(1个县);6例本地感染的恶性疟仅分布在云南省的盈江县(4例)和沧源县(2例);西藏自治区墨脱县和云南省盈江县本地感染疟疾发病率超过1/万。境外输入病例3 021例(占98.1%,3 021/3 078),分布在全国30个省(直辖市、自治区)。广东省报告1例长潜伏期三日疟病例。确诊病例3 057例(占99.3%,3 057/3 078),其中间日疟846例(占27.7%,846/3 057),恶性疟1 882例(占61.6%,1 882/3 057),三日疟53例(占1.7%,53/3 057),卵形疟231例(占7.6%,231/3 057),混合感染44例(占1.4%,44/3 057),诺氏疟1例。全国16个省(直辖市、自治区)报告重症病例170例(占5.5%,170/3 078),15个省(直辖市、自治区)报告疟疾死亡病例25例(0.8%,25/3 078)。2014年全国消除疟疾工作成果显著,云南边境和西藏墨脱仍是我国消除疟疾的重点地区,境外输入病例的管理与重症病例救治需进一步加强。
The 2014 malaria epidemiological data reported through the annual malaria statistics reporting system were collected and analyzed. A total of 3 078 malaria cases were reported in 680 counties of 30 Provinces/ Municipalities/Autonomous Regions （P/M/A）（except Inner Mongolia） in 2014, decreased by 25.4% compared with the 4 128 eases in 2013. The incidence rate was 0.0226/10000. More cases distributed in Yunnan （17.3%, 533/3 078）, Jiangsu （11.5%, 355/3 078）, Sichuan （8.6%, 266/3 078）, Henan （7.0%, 216/3 078） and Zhejiang （7.0%, 215/3 078） Provinces. Of all the cases, 56 （1.8%） were indigenous cases, mainly from the border area of Yunnan （comprising 9 counties） and the Tibet Autonomous Region （one county）. Locally-infected faleiparum malaria was only found in Yingjiang County （4 cases） and Cangyuan County （2 cases） of Yunnan. Indigenous malaria prevalence was of over 1/10 000 in Motuo County and Yingjiang County. There were 3 021 abroad-imported cases of malaria（98.1% ）, which widely distributed in the 30 P/M/As. In addition, one case of quartan malaria with long latency was reported in Guangdong Province. Of all the reported cases, 3 057 （99.3%） were further confirmed by plasmodium species, comprising 846 cases of vivax malaria （27.7%）, 1 882 cases of faleiparum malaria （61.6%）, 3 cases of quartan malaria （1.7%）, 231 cases of ovale malaria （7.6%）, 44 cases of mixed infections, and one case of P. knowlesi malaria. Furthermore, 170 cases （5.5%） with severe conditions were reported in 16 P/M/As, and 25 deaths were reported in 15 P/M/As. In summary, remarkable achievements have been made in eliminating malaria in China, despite increases in imported cases. The border areas of Yunnan and Motuo County of Tibet Autonomous Region remain the key regions for malaria elimination. Efforts are needed to reinforce the management of imported cases and the treatment of complicated malaria.
出处
《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期319-326,共8页
Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases
关键词
中国
疟疾
疫情
China
Malaria
Situation
