摘要
目的探讨妇女孕前期及孕期环境暴露与儿童先天性心脏病的关系,为该病的防控提供参考。方法选取2013-2014年在江西省儿童医院住院治疗的93例先心病患儿为病例,采用以医院为基础的1∶3的配对设计,对372名先心病病例和对照组的母亲进行面对面问卷调查,调查数据经多因素条件Logistic回归进行分析。结果单因素分析结果显示影响儿童先天性心脏病最重要的因素为孕妇早期接触有害物质、孕期食用腌熏制食品、妊娠早期有过感冒发热等不良症状、孕期产妇家人吸烟会避开和产妇文化程度较高(均有P<0.05);经多因素分析提示,纳入回归模型的影响因素有8个,它们依次是孕早期食腌熏制食品孕妇曾有流产、孕前3个月或孕期丈夫吸烟、孕妇有高血压遗传史、孕期进入噪音较大环境、进入吸烟环境并停留一段时间、孕期家人吸烟会避,产妇文化程度越高。结论加强孕期健康教育和健康监测,减少烟熏食物、主动或被动吸烟等暴露以避免儿童先心病的发生。
Objective To examine the association between environmental risk factors exposure and children＇ s congenital heart disease （CHD） during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of children＇ s CHD. Methods 93 children＇ s CHD cases were sampled from children＇ s hospital of Jiangxi province between 2013 and 2014. A 1 ： 3 matched case-control design was utilized in the hospital- based study. Face-to- face survey data were collected from 372 mothers. Multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis was conducted to an- alyze the factors that associated with the risk of the CHD during the early stage of pregnancy or before pregnancy. Results The result of univariate analysis indicated that the main factors of CHD were exposure to hazardous substances during the early stage of pregnancy, eating salted or smoked food, had a cold fever or other adverse symptoms in early pregnancy, Smoking or secondhand smoking and the higher educational level of pregnant （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. However, the result of multi- variate analysis showed that eating salted or smoked food during the early pregnancy, abnormal reproductive history, the husband smoking during the early stage of pregnancy or before pregnancy, family history of hypertension, living in noisy en- vironment and being exposure to the secondhand smoking during pregnancy were closely associated with the risk of the CHD. The protective factors of CHD were the higher educational level of mothers and no smoking. Conclusions This study suggests that health education should be inproved and smoked food intake, smoking or secondhand smoking should be avoided during pregnancy in order to prevent the occurrence of congenital heart disease in children.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期1135-1137,1141,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
关键词
心脏病
儿童
危险因素
妊娠初期
Heart diseases
Children
Risk factors
Pregnancy trimester,first
