摘要
【目的】筛选防除黄金榕上日本菟丝子的安全、高效除草剂，为园林菟丝子防控提供科学依据。【方法】选用20种除草剂对接种了日本菟丝子的黄金榕进行茎叶处理，分别在药后1、5、10、20、30d调查记录日本菟丝子中毒及黄金榕药害症状；药后30d调查不同除草剂对日本菟丝子的防效及对黄金榕的抑制率。【结果】6％菟丝特AS30mg／L和41％草甘膦异丙胺盐As365mg／L对日本菟丝子的防除效果分别达90．55％和82．14％，对黄金榕新枝生长速率抑制率分别为9．89％和10．99％，属高效且安全等级1级；5％咪唑乙烟酸AS134mg／L、10％双草醚SC56mg，L、38％莠去津SC1265mg／L、10％苯磺隆WP333mg／L、4％烟嘧磺隆SC89mg／L和25％啶嘧磺隆WDG55mg／L对日本菟丝子的防效为56．93％～73．74％，对黄金榕新枝生长抑制率为12．09％～17．58％，属中效且安全等级1级；5％精喹禾灵EC89mg／L、12％噁草酮Ec577mg／L、96％精异丙甲草胺Ec2131mg／L、10％苄嘧磺隆WP18mg／L、24％乙氧氟草醚Ec427mgm和33％二甲戊灵EC1835mg／L对日本菟丝子的防效为0．63％-45．38％，对黄金榕新枝生长抑制率为2．20％-25．27％，属低效或无效，安全等级为0级或1级；90％环嗪酮wP1998mg／L、48％百草敌AS427mg／L、72％2,4-滴丁酯EC640mg／L、56％2甲4氯钠盐SP745mg／L、20％氯氟吡氧乙酸EC356mgm和80％敌草隆WP2136mg／L对日本菟丝子的防效为63．24％～100．00％，对黄金榕新枝生长抑制率为51．65％～100．00％，属高效或中效，安全等级为3级或4级。【结论】6％菟丝特AS30mg／L和41％草甘瞵异丙胺盐AS365mg／L对日本菟丝子有较高的防除效果，且安生性较高，是防除黄金榕上日本菟丝子安全、高效的理想药剂。
[ Objective ]The safe and efficient herbicides were screened to control Cuscuta japouiea on Ficus microcarpa cv. Golden Leaves, in order to provide a scientific basis for controlling other species of dodder in the garden. [Method] Twenty kinds of herbicides were selected to spray stem and leaves of F. microearpa cv. Golden Leaves inoculated with C. japouiea. Then the toxicity symptoms of C. japouiea and F. microcarpa cv. Golden Leaves caused by herbicides were ob- served respectively On 1, 5, 10, 20, 30 days after spraying with herbicides, and the control effects of herbicides on C. japouica and inhibition rate of herbicides on F. microcarpa cv. Golden Leaves were determined on day 30. [Result]By us- ing 6% tusite AS 30 mg/L and 41% glyphosate-isopropylamine AS 365 mg/L, the control efficiencies on C. japouica reached up to 90.55% and 82.14%, respectively, and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth were 9.89% and 10.99%, respectively, thus these two herbicides were highly efficient, belonging to safety grade 1. By using 5% imazet AS 134 mg/ L, 10% bispyribacsodium WP 56 mg/L, 38% atrazine SC 1265 mg/L, 10% tribenuron WP 333 mg/L, 4% nicosulfuron SC 89 mg/L and,25% flazasulfuron WDG 55 mg/L; the control efficiencies on C. japouica ranged from 56.93% to 3.74%, andthe inhibition rates of new shoots growth ranged from 12.09% to 17.58%, thus, these herbicides had medium efficiency, belonging to safety grade 1. By using 5% quizalofoppethyl EC 89 mg/L, 12% oxadiazon EC 577 mg/L, 96% smetolachlor EC 2131mg/L, 10% bensulfuron WP 18 mg/L, 24% oxyfluorfen EC 427 mg/L, 33% pendimethalin EC 1835 mg/L, the control efficiencies on C. japouica were 0.63%-45.38%, and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth ranged from 2.20% to 25.27%, thus, these herbicides was inefficient, belonging to safety grade 0 or 1.. By using 90% hexazinone WP 1998 mg/L, 48% dicamba AS 427 mg/L, 72% 2,4-butylate EC 640 mg/L, 56% MCPA-Na SP 745 mg/L, 20% fluroxypyr EC 356 mg/L and 80% diuron WP 2136 nag/L, the control efficiency on C. japonica were 63.24%-100.00% and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth were 51.65%-100.00%, thus these herbicides had medium or high efficiency, belonging to safety grade 3 or 4. [Conclusion]Because 6% tusite AS 30 mg/L and 41% glyphosate,isopropylamine AS 365 mg/L have higher control efficiency and safety, so which are safe and effective herbicides for controlling C. japouiea on F. mieroearpa cv. Golden Leaves ideally.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期1828-1833,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广西农业科学院科技发展基金重点项目(桂农科2014YZ27)
南宁市科技局科技攻关项目(桂南科20132021)
关键词
日本菟丝子
黄金榕
药剂筛选
安全性
C. japouiea Choisy
F. mieroeatpa cv. Golden Leaves
herbicide screening
safety
