摘要
本研究通过陆地棉与异常棉、辣根棉、旱地棉、雷蒙德氏棉、黄褐棉等野生棉的远缘杂交和回交等,育成65份陆地棉背景的远缘种质系。农艺性状鉴定结果 ,这些种质系的株高平均值与陆地棉品种处于相同水平,单株果枝数、单株果节数、单株结铃数、铃重、衣分平均值均低于陆地棉品种,纤维长度、断裂比强度均高于陆地棉品种,马克隆值均低于陆地棉品种。落叶型黄萎病菌系V991人工病圃抗性鉴定结果,从65份陆地棉背景的远缘种质系中获得5份抗黄萎病的棉花新种质系,其中苏远040、苏远045、苏远061病情指数分别为8.33、4.35、7.79,高抗黄萎病;苏远030、苏远034病情指数分别为12.35、13.70,抗黄萎病。追踪陆地棉抗黄萎病新种质系的亲缘关系发现,苏远040和苏远045为陆地棉与雷蒙德氏棉杂交后代,苏远061为陆地棉与黄褐棉杂交后代,苏远030和苏远034为陆地棉与旱地棉杂交后代。这些优质、抗黄萎病新种质的育成,拓宽了陆地棉的遗传基础,为我国棉花抗病新品种选育提供种质材料。
To create new germplasm lines resistant to Verticillium wilt in upland cotton, 65 distant hybridization germplasm lines（DHGLs） in upland cotton genetic background were cultivated by interspecific hybridization between Gossypium hirsutum and wild species including G. anomalum, G. armourianum, G. aridum, G. raimondii, G. mustelinum, interspecific F1 backcrossing with G. hirsutum for four generations, and selfing for four generations, followed by a conventional breeding program. The results of agronomic trait identification during 2011-2012 indicated that average plant heights of DHGLs were closely similar to commercial cultivars of upland cotton, while average fruit branches, fruit nodes, bolls of DHGLs individual plant were lower than those in commercial cultivars of upland cotton. Average single boll weight and lint percentage of DHGLs were lower than commercial cultivars of upland cotton. Fiber length, strength, fineness and maturity of DHGLs were reasonably collocated. Fiber of most lines was suitable for spinning extra high count yarn, but the main fiber quality indices of commercial cultivars of upland cotton were not well coordinated. Identification of resistance to Verticillium wilt in defoliation disease nursery during 2012-2013 indicated that five DHGLs resistant to Verticillium wilt. Suyuan 040, Suyuan 045 and Suyuan 061 were highly resistant to Verticillium wilt with a disease index of 8.33, 4.35 and 7.79, respectively. Suyuan 030 and Suyuan 034 were resistant to Verticillium wilt with a disease index of 12.35 and 13.70, respectively. The genetic relationship of new germplasm lines resistant to Verticillium wilt were traced and showed that Suyuan 040 and Suyuan 045 were DHGLs of G. raimondii, Suyuan 061 was DHGL of G.mustelinum, Suyuan 030 and Suyuan 034 were DHGLs of G. aridum.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期524-533,共10页
Cotton Science
基金
863计划(2012AA101108)
国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD01B03)
国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX08005)
江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2013380)
江苏省重点研发计划(BE2015353)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(13)2024]
关键词
棉花
远缘杂交
抗黄萎病
新种质
创造
upland cotton
distant hybridization
resistance to Verticillium wilt
new germplasm
cultivation
