摘要
夏玉米发育不同阶段对旱涝灾害的敏感性不同,明确最敏感时段和了解不同时段间敏感性的定量差异将能为玉米生产中的趋利避害提供依据。以黄淮海流域夏玉米为研究对象,利用WOFOST作物生长模型,分析了夏玉米生长对初始土壤含水量、不同发育时段降水量和根层土壤含水量等水分条件的敏感性。结果表明,夏玉米对干旱的敏感时段依次为抽雄-乳熟期、出苗-七叶期以及拔节-抽雄期,对涝渍的敏感时段主要为出苗-七叶期、拔节-抽雄期以及七叶-拔节期。初始土壤含水量比降水量对玉米最终生物量的影响更大,前者降低50%可能导致夏玉米减产14.5%。
The sensitivity of summer maize in different developmental stages to drought and waterlogging is not the same. To make clear the most sensitive period and the quantitative differences of the sensitivities in different periods could provide basis for drawing on the advantages and avoiding the disadvantages in maize production. Using WOFOST model,this paper analyzed the sensitivity of the summer maize growth in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain to initial soil moisture,different developmental period＇s precipitation and root zone soil moisture. Results show that,the sensitive periods of summer maize to drought are milk stage,emergence to seven leaves stage and jointing to tasseling stage in order. The sensitive periods of summer maize to waterlogging are the emergence to seven leaves stage,jointing to tasseling stage and seven leaves to jointing stage. The influence of initial soil moisture on maize biomass is greater than the influence of precipitation. 50% decrease of initial soil moisture might lead to 14. 5% reduction of summer maize yields.
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期90-96,共7页
Journal of Natural Disasters
基金
中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2014Y006
2013Z008)
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006027)~~
关键词
旱涝
夏玉米
敏感性
作物生长模型
drought and waterlogging
summer maize
sensitivity
crop growth model
