摘要
河流水质综合评价是水环境治理的重要基础工作,只有通过对水质监测数据的合理评价,才能制定科学的整治规划,采取有效的治理措施。对于整体水质恶化严重的河流,现有河流水质综合评价方法的评价结果存在无法显示河流水质空间差异性的缺陷,对水环境管理布局无指导作用。因此,论文提出了一种河流水质综合评价法——主要污染物水质标识指数法(Primary Pollutant-Water Quality Identity,PP-WQI),并基于2010年春、夏、秋、冬4季的水质实地采样数据,对北京市温榆河进行了水质综合评价。研究结果表明:(1)相较于单因子评价法、内梅罗指数法、水质标识指数法,主要污染物水质标识指数法更适合水质较差的河流水质综合评价,能够定量体现河流水质差异性;(2)温榆河综合水质空间异质性规律为上游最好(年均PP-WQI=6.70(TN))、下游次之(年均PP-WQI=10.16(TN))、中游最差(年均PP-WQI=9.85(TN));(3)温榆河水质年均水质处于劣Ⅴ类(年均PP-WQI=8.31(TN)),其水体主要污染物为TN,有机污染突出,57.89%的河段水质超标且黑臭;(4)季节变化特征表现为春、冬2季河流水质较差,夏、秋2季水质相对较好。论文研究结果实现了水质恶化严重河流水质的定量评价,能够为流域水环境研究、管理措施的科学制定提供基础与科学依据。
Comprehensive evaluation of water quality is important for better environment management of rivers, and the scientific management planning can be formulated for implementing effective measures only if the rational evaluation on the water quality had been made. In view of the drawbacks of existing methods when being applied to evaluation of rivers of severely deteriorated water quality, this study elaborated on a new comprehensive evaluation method-- Primary Pollutant-Water Quality Identification Index（PP-WQI） that was used in the comprehensive water quality evaluation of Wenyu River,which was based on the river water sampling in seasons of 2010. The results of the evaluation suggested that： compared to other methods such as single-factor, Nemero index and water quality identification index methods, PP-WQI was suitable for evaluating rivers of poor water quality as the spatial differences of water quality could be quantitatively described. As a result,upstream the River＇s water quality was the best（annual PP-WQI=6.70（TN））, the downstream was worse（annual PP-WQI=10.16（TN））, and the midstream was the worst（Annual PP-WQI=9.85（TN））. The primary pollutant of the River water was TN indicating the severe organic pollution, with 57.89% of the river reach being black and smelly, exceeding the water quality limit of the relevant standard; and seasonal variation of the water quality was remarkable： bad in spring and winter, while relatively better in summer and autumn. In conclusion, suitable for quantitative evaluation of the water quality of severely polluted rivers, PP-WQI method would provide a useful scientific tool for the research and scientific management of river watersheds.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期239-245,共7页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(40901295)
关键词
水质
综合水质评价
主要污染物
水质标识指数法
温榆河
water quality
comprehensive evaluation
primary pollutant
water quality identification index
Wenyu River
