摘要
目的探讨突发性公共卫生事件的流行病学特征和预防控制策略。方法收集2004年5月-2015年5月《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》的子系统《突发性公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统》网络直报数据库资料，调查核实突发性公共卫生事件数、发病人数、死亡人数、波及人口数。结果共发生突发性公共卫生事件217起，其中Ⅲ级占1.38％，Ⅳ级占48．85％，Ⅳ级以下占49．77％，传染病和食物中毒事件数、发病人数、死亡人数和波及人数均明显高于职业中毒和环境因素事件，差异具有统计学意义（P〈O．05），职业中毒罹患率和死亡率则明显高于传染病、食物中毒和环境因素事件，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。3-4月份及11—12月份发生突发性公共卫生事件居多，分别占26．73％，30.41％，发生在学校占63．59％（138／217），农村占63．59％。结论突发性公共卫生事件时间、人群和城乡分布差异显著，加强对农村学校传染病和食物中毒的预防、监测和有效处理是预防突发性公共卫生事件的重要策略。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control strategies of public health emergency.Methods Public health event network database information from ShenZhen City during 2004 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total 217 cases of public health emergency including Ⅲ level were 3 cases, accounting for 1.38 %, Ⅳ level were 106 eases,accounting for 48.85 %, below Ⅳ level were 108 cases, accounting for 49.77 %, event cases, infected cases, deaths cases, spread eases of infectious diseases and food poisoning were significantly higher than occupational poisoning events and environmental factors events （P〈0.05）, attack rate, mortality rate of occupational poisoning were significantly higher than infectious diseases, food poisoning and environmental factors events （P〈0.05）.The time distribution of public health emergency mainly concentrated in 3 - 4 month, 11 - 12 month, respectively accounting for 26.73 % （58/217 ）, 30.41% （66/217 ）, population distribution mainly concentrated in school, accounting for 63.59 % （ 138/217 ）, urban and rural distribution mainly concentrated in the countryside, accounting for 63.59 % （58/217）, public health emergency time-population-urban-rural distribution comparison had significant difference （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Strengthening the prevention, monitoring and effective treatment of rural school infectious diseases and food poisoning is an important strategy for preventing public health emergency.
出处
《河南预防医学杂志》
2016年第2期99-101,共3页
Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine
