摘要
实施积极的产业政策以推进产业转型升级、促进经济增长已经成为世界各国的共识,但在产业升级路径选择上却始终存在着遵循还是偏离比较优势的激烈争议,给产业政策合意性带来极大困惑。本文基于产品空间结构视角,利用Feenstra全球商品贸易数据及联合国商品贸易数据,在构建全球产品空间布局图的基础上,可视化中国1962—2014年产业升级路径,并实证检验中国与世界各国产业升级与比较优势之间的关系。结果表明:全球产业升级偏离比较优势程度与经济增幅正相关,生产能力累积引发产业持续创新是跨越式增长的重要原因;中国50余年的产业升级具有适度偏离比较优势特征,传统劳动密集型产业退出障碍会降低资源配置效率,抑制技术密集型产业的创新能力累积与跨越式升级。因此,建立产业进入退出机制以集中国家优势推进装备制造业等产业关键技术与共性技术研发,成为中国转型升级路径的必然选择。
It is world consensus to promote industrial upgrading and economic growth by implementing active industrial policies, but there always exists fierce controversy between whether industrial upgrade conform to comparative advantage or not, which makes great confusion on industrial policy desirability. This article visualizes Chinese industrial upgrading path in 1962--2014 period from the perspective of product space, using SITC rev. 2- 4 digital international trade data from UN Comtrade and World Trade Flow lead by Feenstra, and test the relationship between industrial upgrading path and comparative advantage in China and other countries. The result shows that there is positive relation between deviation of industrial upgrade on comparative advantage and economic growth. China has the character of deviation from comparative advantage on industry upgrade from 1962 to 2014, but exit barrier of traditional labor intensive industries inhibits innovation resources accumulating and upgrading in technology intensive industries. Thus, it is a strategic choice of future industrial upgrading path, by establishing the industry exit mechanism and using the state-concentration advantages to leap forward R＆D of key technology and common technology in equipment manufacturing industry.
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第2期52-67,共16页
China Industrial Economics
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"从城乡分割到城乡一体化的转化机制与实现路径研究"(批准号NKZXB1432)
天津市社会科学基金重点项目"新科技革命与天津市创新驱动---提升先进制造业共性技术研发转化能力的研究"(批准号TJLJ15-001)
关键词
产业升级路径
比较优势
能力禀赋
产品空间结构
industrial upgrading path
comparative advantages
ability endowment
product space structure
