摘要
目的比较某院2014年与2015年医院感染现患率数据,制定医院感染防控措施,减少医院感染率。方法采取查看电子病历和床旁调查相结合的方式,于2014年6月4日、2015年6月16日对所有住院患者进行调查,填写统一的调查表,用Excel 2007和SPSS 18.0对数据进行统计分析。结果 2014年、2015年医院感染率分别为4.51%、3.21%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.246,P=0.134);重症监护病房、神经外科、骨科等科室感染率连续2年居于前5位;感染部位以下呼吸道为主;2次调查共检出64株病原菌,G-菌占76.6%;抗菌药物使用率为34.05%、33.33%,使用目的以治疗为主,治疗用药送检率为68.06%、59.73%,差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.114、3.311,P>0.05)。结论该院医院感染现患率处于全国平均水平,高于四川省平均水平,应加强重点科室、重点部位医院感染监测与防控,合理使用抗菌药物,进一步降低医院感染率。
Objective To compare the point prevalence of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive hospital between 2014 and 2015, and to put forward prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection. Methods By means of reviewing electronical medical records and beside investigation, the prevalence rates of nosocomial infection in patients hospitalized on June 4, 2014 and June 16, 2015 were investigated. Data were collected by a uniform questionnaire and analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0. Results The nosocomial infection rates in those two time points were respectively 4.51% and 3.21% without a significant difference（χ2=2.246, P=0.134）. Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Orthopedics were listed in the top five in terms of nosocomial infection rate for two consecutive years. The nosocomial infection sites were mainly lower respiratory tract, and a total of 64 strains were detected including mainly G- bacteria accounting for 76.6%. Antimicrobial agent usage covered 34.05% and 33.33% at those two time points. The purpose was mainly for therapy, and the pathogenic bacteria specimen detection rate was 68.06% and 59.73%, without statistically significant difference（χ2=0.114, 3.311; P〈0.05）. Conclusions The prevalence of nosocomial infection in this hospital is at average national level but higher than the average level in Sichuan Province. Infection surveillance, prevention and control measures should be strengthened in key departments and key infection sites, and antimicrobial agent should be rationally used so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.
出处
《华西医学》
CAS
2016年第3期427-430,共4页
West China Medical Journal
关键词
医院感染
现患率
病原菌
抗菌药物
Nosocomial infection
Point prevalence
Pathogen
Antimicrobial agent
