摘要
为降低超细高氯酸铵(AP)的机械感度,以纳米石墨粉、普通石墨粉和炭黑为钝感改性剂,采用气流冲击粉碎法对超细AP进行表面改性,制备了超细AP/纳米石墨(AP-1)、超细AP/石墨(AP-2)、超细AP/炭黑(AP-3)复合粒子以及空白超细AP对比样(AP-C)。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、微米粒度仪、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)及傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR),表征了复合粒子的形貌和结构;用撞击感度仪和摩擦感度仪,测试对比了复合前后超细AP粒子的机械感度;采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC),测试了复合粒子的热分解性能。结果表明,相比于AP-C,AP-1、AP-2和AP-3的撞击感度分别降低了18.2%、21.2%和8.9%,AP-1、AP-2和AP-3的摩擦感度分别降低了12.5%、12.5%和8.3%,10℃·min-1的升温速率下,AP-1、AP-2和AP-3的高温分解峰分别提前了75.4,64.2℃和44.4℃。
To reduce the mechanical sensitivity of ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate （AP）, a surface modification of ultra-fine AP was performed by jet mill and the ultra-fine AP composite particles, including ultra-fine AP/nano-graphite（AP-1 ）, ultra-fine AP/ graphite（AP-2 ） , ultra-fine AP/carbon black （AP-3） and blank ultra-fine AP comparison sample （AP-C） , which were prepared using nano-graphite, graphite and carbon black as insensitive modifier. The morphology and structure of the composite particles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, micro particle size instrument, X-ray powder diffrac- tion （XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR）. The mechanical sensitivity of ultra-fine AP before and after com- position was tested by impact sensitivity instrument and friction sensitivity instrument. Thermal decomposition performance of the composite particles was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）. Results show that compared with the AP-C, the impact sensitivities of AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 decrease by 18.2%, 21.2% and 8.9%, respectively, and the friction sensitivities of AP-1 , AP-2 and AP-3 decrease by 12.5%, 12.5% and 8.3%, respectively, and the high temperature decomposition peak at a heating rate of 10 ℃ · min-1 of AP-1 , AP-2 and AP-3 shifs 75.4, 64.2 ℃ and 44.5 ℃ downwards, respectively.
出处
《含能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期261-268,共8页
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
基金
基础产品创新计划火炸药科研专项(J-KY-2014-1050-2/6)
关键词
超细高氯酸铵(AP)
复合粒子
感度
热分解性能
动力学
ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate（AP）
composite particles
sensitivity
thermal decomposition properties
kinetics
