摘要
目的分析中国北方城市老年人肌肉衰减综合征（以下简称肌衰征）的膳食影响因素并提出防治建议。方法在北京选择具有一定代表性的两个社区，筛选出830名60岁以上无严重疾病的老年人并对其进行横断面调查：包括询问调查，膳食调查（半定量食物频率法），体格测量（身高、体重）和肌肉量和肌肉功能测定。结果肌衰征率为20．1％，其中男性17．1％，女性21．6％，男女之间无统计学差异；肌衰征率与年龄、每天进行的中及重度锻炼时间、体质指数均相关。以肉类摄入量将受访对象分为〈35、35～70、〉70g／d三组，肌衰征率分别为24．5％、19．9％和15．3％（x^2=6．02，P=0．0492），呈下降趋势（Z=2．45、P=0．0141）；以蛋类摄入量将受访对象分为〈30、30～60、〉60g／d三组，肌衰征率分别为25．8％、18．7％和11．3％（x^2=6．50，P=0．0388），呈下降趋势（Z=2．55、P=0．0109）；以能量摄入将受访对象分为〈1612、1612～2109、〉2109keal／d三组，肌衰征率分别为25．8％、19．5％和15．0％（x^2=8．19，P=0．0158），呈下降趋势（Z=2．87、P=0．0042）；以蛋白质摄入量将受访对象分为〈58．2、58．2～78．4、〉78．4g／d三组，肌衰征率分别为25．3％、18．2％和16．7％（x^2=5．97，P=0．0505），呈下降趋势（Z=2．28、P=0．0227）。在控制年龄、BMI、运动量和受教育程度等混杂因素后，肉类、蛋类摄入量与肌衰征率呈负相关，标准化偏回归系数（β）分别为-0．1703（P=0．0119）和-0．1545（P=0．0302）；动物性蛋白摄入与肌衰征率呈负相关（β=-0．1805、P=0．0302）。结论肌衰征膳食影响因素为肉、蛋动物性食物摄入量，故对老年人在保证能量摄入充足情况下，可增加富含优质蛋白的动物性食物摄入量，以延缓肌衰征的发展。
Objective To analyze the dietary factors on sarcopenia in elderly in Beijing and provide nutritional recommendations for the sarcopenia. Method A total of830 participants aged 60 and above and without serious diseases were selected from two representative communities in Beijing. A cross-sectional research design was used,including inquiry investigation,dietary surveys（ food frequency questionnaire）,anthropometry,muscle mass and functional assessment. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20. 1% in this area,the men was 17. 1%,while the women was 21. 6%（ P〈0. 05）. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the five age groups has significant statistically difference（ χ^2= 19. 03,P = 0. 0008） and increased with age rising（ Z =- 4. 18,P〈0. 0001）. The prevalence of sarcopenia would be downward if the time of exercise prolonged and body mass index（ BMI） increased（ P〈0. 05）. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the group of meat consumption 35,35-70, 70 g / d was 24. 5%,19. 9%and 15. 3%（ χ^2= 6. 02,P = 0. 0492）,respectively（ trend test for groups comparison,Z =2. 45,P = 0. 0141）. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the group of egg consumption 35,35-60, 60 g / d was 25. 8%,18. 7% and 11. 3%（ χ^2= 6. 50,P = 0. 0388）,respectively（ trend test for groups comparison,Z = 2. 55,P = 0. 0109）. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the group of energy consumption 1612,1612-2109, 2109 kcal / d was 25. 8%,19. 5%and 15. 0%（ χ^2= 8. 19,P = 0. 0158）,respectively（ trend test for groups comparison,Z =2. 87,P = 0. 0042）. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the group of protein consumption 58. 2,58. 2- 78. 4, 78. 4 g / d was 25. 3%,18. 2% and 16. 7%（ χ^2= 5. 97,P =0. 0505）,respectively（ Z = 2. 28,P = 0. 0227）. After controlling the influence of age,BMI,exercise and education, meat consumption（ β =- 0. 1703,P = 0. 0119）,egg consumption（ β =- 0. 1545,P = 0. 0302） and the high quality protein consumption（ β =- 0. 1805,P = 0. 0302） were negatively related with sarcopenia. Conclusion Animal food,such as meet and egg,is an important protective factor for sarcopenia. Therefore,it is the first important thing for the elderly to ensure adequate energy intake,then you should increase the animal food intake which contains high quality protein to prevent sarcopenia.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期388-393,共6页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(No.81202205)
