摘要
目的探讨艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)合并血流感染者病原菌的分布特点,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析76例血培养阳性的HIV/AIDS病人的临床资料,并与同期普通病人的资料进行比较。结果研究期间,共收集血培养阳性菌株1263株,其中79株分离自HIV/AIDS病人的血培养标本,1184株分离自普通病人的血培养标本。HIV/AIDS病人血培养病原菌主要以分枝杆菌最常见(22.8%),其次是马尔尼菲青霉菌(21.5%)和新型隐球菌(11.4%);普通病人血培养病原菌则以大肠埃希菌(23.1%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(13.3%)和屎肠球菌(6.6%)最常见。两组病人真菌感染的比例有显著差异(P<0.001),且真菌的菌种分布明显不同。结论 HIV/AIDS病人易发生由分枝杆菌和马尼菲青霉菌等引起的血流感染,临床上应加强对HIV/AIDS病人血流感染病原菌的监测,积极防治血流感染的发生。
Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of pathogens in patients with HIV/AIDS and blood stream coinfection,and to provide reference to improve diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical data of76HIV/AIDS patients with bloodstream infection were analyzed retrospectively,and compared with the patients purely infected with bloodstream as controls.Results A total of 1 263 strains of pathogens were isolated from the blood specimens,of which 79 strains were isolated from patients infected with HIV/AIDS,and 1 184 strains from patients without HIV/AIDS infection.The most common pathogenic bacteria of HIV/AIDS patients were mycobacterium,accounting for 22.8%,followed by penicilliosis marneffei（21.5%）and cryptococcus neoformans（11.4%）.Among the patients not infected with HIV,the first three pathogenic bacteria were escherichia coli（23.1%）,klebsiella pneumoniae（13.3%）,and enterococcus faecium（6.6%）.There were higher incidences of bloodstream fungal（infection）in patients with HIV/AIDS than those in control group（P〈0.01）.The distribution of fungal strain in patients with HIV/AIDS is obviously different from that of controls.Conclusion Bloodstream infections of HIV/AIDS patients are mainly caused by mycobacterium and Penicilliosis marneffei.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第5期317-319,323,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
