摘要
为了研究华北地区设施番茄地土壤N_2O排放特征,本研究设不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（CF）、单施有机肥（CM）及有机肥和化肥混施（DM）4个处理,采用密闭式静态箱—气相色谱法测定了设施番茄有机无机配施对土壤N_2O排放通量的影响。结果表明：基肥施用后到番茄移栽前,由于土壤温度（〈10℃）和湿度（〈13.1%）较低,CK和CF处理排放量均较低,无明显的排放高峰,而CM和DM由于施用有机肥出现了较明显的N_2O排放增高的现象;之后随着对棚室内温度和湿度管理的加强,追肥/灌水后均有明显的N_2O高峰,且高峰期内的排放占总排放的54.9%~73.7%。整个生育期CK、CF、CM和DM处理的N_2O排放量分别为6.95,27.73,44.99和112.46kg/hm2,且CF、CM和DM处理的N_2O排放分别比CK增加了2.98,5.47和15.18倍,其N_2O-N排放系数分别为2.8%,4.7%和6.8%。由此可见,番茄移栽前温度对温室番茄生产中N_2O排放特征高于施肥,而施用有机肥处理由于大幅度增加碳源导致其N_2O-N排放系数高于单施化肥处理,因此加强温度和有机肥施用管理是降低番茄温室N_2O排放的重要途径。
Field experiment including four treatments of CK,chemical N fertilization（CF）,organic fertilizer（CM）,and mixed fertilization of chemical N and organic feitilizer（DM）was conducted to characterize the N_2O emissions from tomato greenhouse with organic manure and chemical fertilizationsin in North China using static chamber-gas chromatograph method.Results showed that,during the period from base fertilizer application to the transplantation of tomatoes characterized with relatively low soil temperature（10℃）and humidity（〈13.1%）,the N_2O emissions of CK and CF treatments were relatively low,whereas the CM and DM treatments applied with organic fertilizer were observed with higher N_2O emissions;afterwards,N_2O emission peaks were found after each fertilization or irrigation events,and the emissions across peaking periods（approximately 6 days after the events）accounted for54.9%~73.7% of the total emissions.During the whole growing period,N_2O emissions of CK,CF,CM and DM treatments were 6.95,27.73,44.99 and 112.46kg/hm2,respectively,where the N_2O emissions of CF,CM and DM treatments were about 2.98,5.47 and 15.18 times greater than that of CK treatment,and the N_2O-N emission of CF,CM and DM accounted for 2.8%,4.7% and 6.8% of their N inputs,respectively.In summary,greenhouse temperature played a greater role in the N_2O emission than fertilization before the transplantation,and the application of organic manure led to greater N_2O-N loss proportion due to providing extra carbon sources with manure.Therefore,optimal management on greenhouse temperature and organic fertilizer application is essential to mitigate N_2O emissions.
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期1-6,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
国家自然基金项目(31272247
41275163)
关键词
番茄
日光温室
牛粪
化肥
氧化亚氮
tomato
greenhouse
cattle manure
fertilizer
nitrous oxide
