摘要
测定了弥勒县相同生态条件下种植的198份水稻糙米、46份水稻精米N、P、K、Mg、Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu和Mn等9种矿质元素含量,分析198份糙米9种矿质元素在亚种间、品种间含量的差异。结果表明,不同亚种、品种糙米中9种元素的含量差异各不相同,但含量排序均为N>P>K>Mg>Ca>Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn;Ca含量在亚种间差异较大,对Ca吸收和积累的能力粳稻明显高于籼稻;Fe含量在非糯稻、软米稻和糯稻间差异较大,对Fe吸收和积累的能力糯稻明显高于非糯稻和软米稻。对46份水稻糙米和精米的9种矿质元素含量进行比较研究,发现糙米中大部分元素的含量均显著高于精米中的含量,即在去糙过程中损失了大量的矿质营养元素,在去糙过程中P、K、N、Fe和Mn含量下降幅度较大,损失率分别为41.49%、17.23%、8.82%、14.68%和11.61%,这说明以上营养元素多存在于种皮、糊粉层和胚中,随着碾磨,含量随之下降;与之相反,Ca、Mg和Zn含量去糙后增加了27.01%、21.57%和6.28%,以上元素多存在于胚乳中;此外,碾磨后Cu含量下降较少,损失率稍低,表明Cu在籽粒中分布较为均匀;
The different rice subspecies and different rice varieties were evaluated based on nine mineral concentrations of brown rice from198 accessions and milled rice from 46 accessions harvested from Mile experiment farm under the uniform ecological conditions. The results showed that the contents of 9 elements,including N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Cu and Mn in brown rice were obviously different with fairly normal distributions among different rice genotypes,but the order was all of N P K Mg Ca Zn Fe Cu Mn. Ca content in japonica rice was visibly higher than in indica rice. Fe content in glutinous rice was also significantly higher than that in no-glutinous rice and soft rice. Comparing the mineral contents between brown rice and milled rice,N,P,K,Fe and Mn in brown rice were significantly higher than that in milled rice. However,Ca,Mg and Zn in brown rice were significantly lower than that in milled rice. P,K,N,Fe and Mn decreased greatly after processing,and their loss rates were respectively 41. 49 %,17. 23 %,8. 82 %,14. 68 % and 11. 61 %,so this showed that these elements exist in the seed coat and embryo,aleurone layer. In contrast,Ca,Mg and Zn content increased respectively 27. 01 %,21.57 % and 6. 28 % after processing; this indicates that these elements are mostly in the endosperm. In addition,the content of Cu decreased less after grinding; this indicates that the distribution of Cu in grains is more uniform.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期1006-1011,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省现代农业水稻产业技术体系建设项目
昆明市产业创新发展重点项目(2015-1-N-00333)
关键词
水稻
糙米
精米
矿质元素含量
Rice
Brown rice
Milled rice
Mineral element
