摘要
肺气肿是慢性阻塞性肺疾病的一种常见临床表现,特点是不可逆性的终末气道的扩张和肺泡壁损害。肺减容术主要应用于终末期肺气肿患者,主要原理是切除部分无功能的肺组织来提高肺组织的弹性回缩力、横膈的运动功能及改善循环通气血流比。虽然心肺功能可以通过1秒用力呼气容积等进行检查,但是肺气肿的分布、异质性、严重程度及肺功能变化需要影像学及放射性核素评价,比如计算机断层显像、肺通气/灌注显像等,这些检查各自具有优势,同时又相互补充,对术前患者的选择及术后疗效的评估具有重要价值。
Emphysema is one of important components of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）, which is characterized by enlargement of the distal air spaces and irreversible destruction of the alveolar walls. The main principle of lung volume reduction surgery in severe emphysema is to resect the most severely affected lung tissue to improve the elastic recoil of lung tissue, diaphragm function and ventilation - perfusion ratios. Although cardiopulmonary function can be evaluated by FEV1 etc, the radiographic assessments such as computed tomography （CT） of the chest and radionuclide ventilation - perfusion （V/ P） SPECT or SPECT/CT are most often applied to provide additional information about the distribution, heterogeneity, severity and the changes of pulmonary function caused by emphysema. These assessments have respective advantages and complement each other. Thus, imageological examination is important not only for selection of surgical candidates but also for evaluation of postoperative outcome.
出处
《标记免疫分析与临床》
CAS
2016年第6期700-703,共4页
Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine
