摘要
湖泊湿地生态系统及海滨地理是地貌研究的重要组成部分,通过研究阿拉斯加中南部的湖泊、湿地及海滨地理特征有助于进一步了解中南阿拉斯加的地貌特征。在梳理主要湖泊、湿地和海岸及其成因特征相关知识的前提下,对阿拉斯加中南部地区的湖泊、湿地及海滨地理特征进行了分析。指出:1近期的冰川运动是中南阿拉斯加众多湖泊和湿地形成的重要原因。在中南阿拉斯加能够见到的非冰川起源的其他湖泊类型中最主要的就是牛轭湖,中南阿拉斯加的大多数牛轭湖发育在苏西特纳河河谷诸水系的旁边;2中南阿拉斯加的许多地方广泛分布着湿地,在苏西特纳河谷、科珀河(铜河)流域、以及基奈半岛的多数低地中分布着多种类型的湿地;3中南阿拉斯加的海岸线主要沿着库克湾、威廉王子湾和阿拉斯加海湾延展。中南阿拉斯加的海岸线极富变化且受到众多因素——海浪侵蚀、泥沙沉积、地质营力、海面上升、冰川作用等的影响。
The ecological system oflakes and wetlands and coastal geographical are the important part of landscape research.Studying lakes, wetlands and the characteristics of coastal geographical in Southcentral Alaska can help further understand its landscape views.This paper analyzes the lakes,wetlands,coastline and their characteristics in Southcentral Alaska on the basis of combing a variety of factors which affect the lakes,wetlands,coastline under the premise of knowledge.It points out：1The obvious reason for the enormous number of lakes and wetlands in Southcentral Alaska is the recent glaciation.The other primary kind of lake found in Southcentral Alaska whose origin is not attributable to glacial events is the oxbow lake.They are most prevalent near the rivers of the Susitna Valley;2Southcentral Alaska also has many wetlands.Much of the lowlands of the Susitna Valley,the Copper River Basin,and the Kenai Peninsula are covered with wetlands of one kind or another;3A significant part of that coastline lies in Southcentral Alaska along Cook Inter,Prince William Sound,and the Gulf of Alaska.The Southcentral Alaskan coastline is extremely diverse and subject to a large number of natural influences;wave erosion,sediment deposition,geologic forces,rising sea levels and glacial impacts.
关键词
湖泊
湿地
海滨
中南阿拉斯加
lakes
wetlands
coastline
Southcentral Alaska
