摘要
为探讨不同节水灌溉方式对小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响,在通许试验基地进行了节水灌溉方式(滴灌、微喷灌、喷灌和小白龙)及灌水量(45、90、135mm)的大田试验,分别于拔节和灌浆前期灌水。结果表明:小麦收获时土壤储水量表现为滴灌>微喷灌>喷灌>小白龙,总耗水量以滴灌和微喷灌方式下较少;小麦千粒重随灌水量增加有降低趋势,且在微喷灌方式下明显高于其他处理,而小麦群体、穗长、小穗数和穗粒数均以滴灌方式下表现较佳;灌水能增加小麦产量,水分利用效率随灌水量的增加而降低;以滴灌135 mm的产量最高,水分利用效率以滴灌45mm处理为最高。4种节水灌溉方式中,滴灌更有利于增产和节水,其次为微喷灌。
To investigate into the effect of different irrigation technology on yield and water use efficiency （WUE） of wheat in Tongxu testing site, the methods of water-saving irrigation （drip-irrigation, micro-sprinkle-irrigation, sprinkler-irrigation and xiaobailong-ir- rigation） and irrigation quantities （45,90,135 mm mm） were applied as trial factors in the field. The plots were irrigated at early jointing and grain filling stage. The results as follow： soil water storage at the wheat harvest showed drip-irrigation ~ micro-sprin- kler-irrigation ~ sprinkler-irrigation ~ xiaobailong-irrigation, while the total water consumption of drip-irrigation and micro-sprin- kle-irrigation was less. With irrigation quantity being increased, 1 000 grain weight of wheat showed a decreased tendency and it was significantly higher than other treatment in micro-sprinkle-irrigation. Wheat population, ear length, spikelet number and grain num- ber per spike were the better under drip-irrigation. Irrigation could increase wheat yields and the highest yield appeared in the treats irrigated 135 mm by drip-irrigation. The WUE decreased with increasing of irrigation quantity, the W U E under drip-irrigation was highest when irrigated 45 mm. This implies that the drip-irrigation possesses the more distinct effect of increasing production and saving water among the four water saving irrigation techniques. And likewise micro-sprinkle-irrigation is also better than sprinkler- irrigation and xiaobailong-irrigation.
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2016年第8期30-32,37,共4页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家"863"计划项目(2013AA102904)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B07)
国家自然科学基金项目(U1404404)
河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2016YQ12)
关键词
节水灌溉
小麦
产量
水分利用效率
water-saving irrigation
wheat
yield
water use efficiency
