摘要
本文基于两阶段创新价值链下工业企业绿色技术创新的过程,构建了中国区域工业企业绿色技术创新效率评价体系,同时运用主成分分析法对这些指标数据进行降维处理,分别计算出两个阶段的技术创新效率,再通过DEA法测算各区域工业企业整体绿色技术创新效率并进行因素分解。研究发现:1在绿色技术开发阶段,考虑环境因素比不考虑环境因素的效率要低,中、西部地区面临的环境问题更加严峻,三大区域绿色技术开发效率差距悬殊。2在绿色技术成果转化阶段,绿色技术创新效率仍存在较大提升空间,东、中和西部地区绿色技术创新效率从高到低依次排列。3中国工业企业绿色技术创新整体效率偏低,而纯技术效率是导致整体效率低的主要原因。区域差距悬殊且存在继续扩大的风险,中、西部地区在纯技术效率和规模效率两个方面均有很大提升空间。4辽宁、河北、黑龙江、新疆、山西、内蒙古、云南、青海等区域要注重提高区域技术,安徽、吉林、江西、广西等区域则要注重减少资源冗余,宁夏、甘肃则既要注重提高区域技术还要注意较少资源冗余。未来,中国应该建立低碳经济发展模式,将环境污染指标工业企业技术创新效率评价体系,提升绿色技术创新效率。以供给侧改革为突破口,加快区域协同发展,发挥东部地区引领作用,缩小中国东、中、西部地区差异。因地制宜,根据各省份绿色技术创新效率不高的根源,采取有针对性的政策。加大绿色技术开发、清洁生产设备等方面的投入,控制污染物排放,推动以科技创新为核心的全面创新。
Based on the two-phase innovation value chain of green technology innovation process of industrial enterprises, this paper constructs the green technology innovation efficiency evaluation system of industrial enterprises in China. At the same time, this paper uses PCA （principal component analysis ） to deals with the data and calculate the two-stage technology innovation efficiency respectively. Finally, this paper uses DEA to evaluate the green technology innovation efficiency and factor decomposition of industrial enterprises. The results show that： ① In the technology development phase, the efficiency is lower when considering of the environmental factors than not considering of the environmental factors. Central and western regions is faced with increasingly serious environmental problems and large technology development efficiency gaps among three regions. ②The efficiency in the green technology achievements transformation phase still have considerable room to improve, and the efficiency from high to low in turn is of eastern, central and western regions. ③The efficiency of green technology innovation of industrial enterprises in China is low overall and the pure technical effect is the main reason. The risk of regional gaps exist and continue to expand. The pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency have great room to improve in central and western regions.④ Liaoning, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan and Qinghai should pay attention to improving technology. Jilin, Jiangxi, Anhui and Guangxi should pay special attention to reducing redundant resources. Ningxia and Gansu should not only pay attention to improving regional technology but also noticing less resources redundancy. In the future, China can include the environmental pollution indicators into the technological innovation efficiency evaluation system of industrial enterprises, establish the green economic development model, promote green technology innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises. We should take the reform of the supply side as a breakthrough point and play a leading role in eastern region to speed up the coordinated development of region and narrow the regional difference. We should also adjust measures to local conditions, take measures to improve low innovation efficiency, increase green technology development and clean production equipment investment, control the emissions of pollutants and promote comprehensive innovation with science and technology innovation as the core.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第9期149-157,共9页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目:"国际研发资本技术溢出对绿色技术创新绩效的影响及区域差异:空间溢出及门槛效应视角(批准号:16YJA790036)
国家自然科学基金青年项目"环境规制对中国区域碳生产率影响的理论解释与非线性效应研究:基于地方政府竞争视角"(批准号:71503272)
国家社会科学基金项目"新型城镇化质量综合评价
影响机理及提升途径研究"(批准号:12BJL054)
关键词
绿色技术创新效率
绿色技术开发
绿色技术成果转化
DEA
green technology innovation efficiency
green technology development
green technology achievement transformation
DEA
