摘要
宋代富民阶层崛起,逐渐发展成为对社会发展影响深远的中间层,其如何成长为一股社会力量值得深入探讨。总体而言,富民主要是通过投资、消费、售卖三种经济手段,重塑了富民的各种社会关系。一是富民利用其财富优势,形成对土地的规模性投资。在租佃市场上通过土地使用权的让渡,形成"高人一等"的社会心理优势,并以此获得了支配佃农时间和活动空间的权利,从而在租佃关系中处于优势地位。二是富民利用其财富实力购买身份性消费品,通过舆服之制的"僭越"来塑造新的社会身份。三是富民利用其财富实力,控制了粮食的卖方市场。每遇灾荒,在政府进行社会动员赈灾之时,富民往往通过"粜"与"遏粜"与政府博弈,建构一种新型社会关系,以此获得了社会影响力。富民群体就是在这样一种特殊的买卖关系中,把财富实力隐性地转化为社会话语权,从而逐渐发展成为一个对社会发展进步有重要影响的中间阶层。
In the Song Dynasty,the rich class rose and gradually developed into a middle group with great influence on the society. It's worth to do in-depth exploration on how the rich class become a social force. On the whole,rich people reshape their social relations mainly through three economic means,namely investment,consumption and sale. First,rich people took advantage of their wealth to do large scale of land investment. They gained superior social psychological advantage by transferring land use right in the tenancy market,thus won the right to dominate tenants' time and space and got the superior position in the tenancy relationship. Second,rich people purchased identity goods that could highlight their social status and arrogated dress system to themselves to shape their new social identity. Third,rich people used their wealth to control the seller's market of the grain. When famine happened and government proceeded social mobilization for disaster relief,the rich people would game with the government through restricting grain sale,thus constructed a kind of new social relations gained social influence. In such a special type of business relationship,the rich people translated their wealth power into social discourse implicitly,thereby gradually became a middle group with important influence on social development and progress.
出处
《云南社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期151-158,共8页
Social Sciences in Yunnan
