摘要
为促进石漠化地区绿色发展,利用废弃菌糠为栽培基质,研究了菌糠发酵过程温度的变化,及其在不同压力处理条件下的保水特性,并以任豆种子为试验材料,测定其在纯菌糠基质和菌糠-黏土-尾矿混合基质中的发芽率和发芽势,以及幼苗移栽野外后的成活率和植株高度,探讨石漠化地区植被恢复的技术和方法。结果表明:(1)废弃菌糠经发酵处理4周后即可以作为栽培基质使用;(2)粘土和菌糠以1∶4的质量比混合时,栽培基质的粘结效果较好;(3)冲压成型压力对栽培基质料块的保水性和任豆种子发芽率均有一定的影响,冲压力为50 k N时,任豆种子在纯菌糠基质的发芽率和发芽势较高,冲压力为20 k N时,7∶2∶1质量比的菌糠-粘土-尾矿混合基质中,任豆种子的发芽率和发芽势较高;(4)纯菌糠基质或黏土-菌糠-尾矿混合基质,均可作为任豆幼苗栽培的基质使用,但后者的效果比前者更好;(5)对废弃菌糠进行必要的发酵处理,适当添加黏土、尾矿或其它基质,并对移栽后的幼苗进行有效的护理,不仅可以提高移栽成活率,还可以保证苗木质量。
In order to promote the green development of karst rocky desertification areas, the abandoned edible fungus chaff was used as plant cultivation substrates in vegetation restoration of the regions. The change of temperature was measured in the process of edible fungus chaff fermentation. The water retention characteristics of the materials were also studied under different pressure. In this study, Zenia insignis seeds were used as experimental material, its germination potential and germination rate were tested respectively in single matrix of edible fungus chaff or mixed matrix made of abandoned edible fungus chaff, clay and mine tailing. The survival rate and height of seedlings were measured after it was transplanted in the field. The project was to probe the techniques and methods of vegetation restoration in karst rocky desertification areas. The results showed that the abandoned edible fungus chaff could be used as cultivation matrix after fermentation four weeks. When clay and edible fungus chaff were mixed with the mass ratio of 1 ∶4, the bonding effect of growing media was better. Stamping pressure had some effects on water retention of the cultivation material block and the germination rate of Zenia insignis seeds. When the pressure was 50 k N, the germination potential and germination rate of the seeds in single edible fungus chaff matrix was higher. While the pressure was 20 k N, the germination potential and germination rate of the seeds was higher in mixed matrix made of abandoned edible fungus chaff, clay and mine tailing with the mass ratio of 7 ∶2∶1. Both fungus chaff and mixed matrix could be used as cultivation substrate in Zenia insignis seedlings planting, but the latter was better than that of former. In order to increase the survival rate and guarantee the quality of seedlings after transplanting, it was necessary to ferment the abandoned fungus chaff, and adding some clay, mine tailing and other material to make mixed cultivation matrix, take effective management and protection for the seedlings after transplanting.
出处
《天津农业科学》
CAS
2016年第12期74-79,91,共7页
Tianjin Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西自然科学基金(桂科自0832273)
广西高校重点实验室(桂教科研[2010]6号)
桂西北岩溶地区石漠化综合防治实验室资助课题(2013ZX-N007)
大学生创新创业训练计划立项课题(201510605093)
关键词
岩溶地区
石漠化
废弃菌糠
任豆
植被恢复
karst areas
karst rocky desertification
abandoned edible fungus chaff
Zenia insignis
vegetation recovery
