摘要
以广河高速公路边坡建植为研究对象,对当地表现良好的草本植物和灌木进行混播植被组合试验,并运用层次分析法进行混播植物物种的生态适应性评价。综合评判结果表明:采用草灌混播的高速公路护坡形式是适合当地气候的理想植被恢复方式,最优边坡植被护坡方案为草本植物以狗牙根和百喜草为主,同时添加适量高羊茅或多年生黑麦草作为先锋性植物,适当混播百脉根作为土壤改良植物;灌木可采用猪屎豆、木豆、胡枝子(或山毛豆),同时起到固氮和改良土壤的作用。
This paper is aimed at selecting and optimizing the vegetation combination for highway slopes in the subtropical areas by taking the vegetation along Guanghe highway slopes as a case study sample. For this purpose, we have carried out a mixed vegetation combination testing experiment with the local well-grown herbs and bushes for testing the ecological adaptability or availability of the mixed vegetation species to the actual need through the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. The actual mixed vegeta tion experiments have nine schemes mixing warm season herbs, cold season herbs and the corresponding bushes according to the complementary growth features and similarities of their outlooks by using advantageous grass species from the successful primary experiments in the aforementioned area. Furthermore, we have also carefully investigated and analyzed their respective quantitative indexes, such as their above-ground biomass, the under-ground biomass, the growth height, root depth, coverage, density, the greening period and qualitative indexes, including the greenness, growth rate, homogeneity, visual effects, heat resistance, cold endurance, drought tolerance, barren resistance, disease-and-insect resistance and scouring resistance so as to determine and decide their ecological adaptability and availability. The results of our investigation and experiments have shown that it is both possible and available to cultivate a mixed and comprehensive vegetation growth of the herbs and bushes along the highway slope in the subtropical areas with the serious soil erosion, frequent and great rainfall, even the uneven distribution of the rainfall. Nevertheless, the best scheme cannot be or at /east has not been adopted due to each scheme has its own adv.antages and disadvantages when considering a single index. Therefore, we have established an integrated evaluation index system by applying the AHP. The comprehensive evaluation results we have gained indicate that mixed vegetation both of herbs and bushes would be desirable vegetation restoration for the highway slope protection. Thus, it can be concluded that the best scheme should be described as follows： the main herbs should be cultivated, such as Cynodon dactylon L. and Paspalum natatu, in combination with the moderate Festuca arundinacea or Lolium perenne L. as the pioneer plants, and Lotus corniculatus L. mixed as the soil-bettering plants. In addition, it is also proper to grow Crotalaria pallida Ait, Cajanus cajan L. Millsp, L. davidii Franch and Tephrosia candida for enhancing the role of nitrogen fixation and soil quality heightening. Thus, it can be seen that the results of the present research can provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the highway slope vegetation in the subtropical areas including Guangzhou.
作者
季贵斌
梁力
赵颖
JI Gui-bin LIANG Li ZHAO Ying(School of Resources ＆ Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China College of Architecture and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期360-365,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07104-002)
关键词
环境学
公路边坡
层次分析法
植被护坡
混播植被
生态适应性
environmentalology
highway slope
analytic hierarchy process （AHP）
slope protection by vegetation
mixed vegetation
ecological adaptability
