摘要
联合国大会第62/557号决定标志着安理会改革由"不限成员名额工作组"模式转变为政府间谈判模式。在政府间谈判阶段,各种改革力量围绕谈判框架和谈判原则展开了激烈交锋。成员国主导原则得到了中国以及"团结谋共识"集团的积极支持。同时,改革中的一些主要集团也发生着分化和重组。在原有的四国集团、"团结谋共识"、非洲联盟等国家集团之外,L69集团、小岛国家联盟等新的集团也日益活跃起来。印度等国家领导的L69集团试图扮演协调各方立场的角色。非洲联盟内部的立场分歧有加剧的趋势,成为影响改革进展的一大变数。美国在这一阶段调整了对印度"入常"的态度,拉拢印度制衡中国的意图更加明显。为此,中国在政府间谈判中宜采取"低介入"的策略,防止安理会改革成为离间中印和中非关系的工具。
The UN General Assembly decision 62/557 signals a shift from the 'Open-ended Working Group' model to the Intergovernmental Negotiation(IGN) model in Security Council reforms.During the intergovernmental negotiation,heated contention revolved around the framework and principle of the negotiation.The member state-led principle has gained support from China and the 'Uniting for Consensus.' Meanwhile,some of the major reforming blocs have gone through regrouping.Besides the Group of Four,the 'Uniting for Consensus,' and the African Union,L69 and Small Island Developing States are also getting increasingly involved in the negotiation.Moreover,the India-led L69 and others try to coordinate the positions of different parties.However,on the one hand,the increasing divergence among the AU members shows the unified stance is in a precarious situation.This has become the major uncertainty that will influence the reform.On the other hand,by supporting India's pursuit of the permanent membership of the Security Council,the United States seeks to woo India so as to balance China.Based on the analysis,this article suggests that it would be wise for China to take a 'low involvement' tacit to prevent the Security Council reform to be used by certain countries to damage the Sino-Indian and Sino-African relationships.
出处
《国际展望》
CSSCI
2017年第1期70-89,共20页
Global Review
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目"联合国安理会改革与美国的选择性支持政策研究"(12YJCGJW009)的阶段性成果
关键词
联合国
安理会改革
政府间谈判
成员国主导原则
集团重组
UN Security Council reform
Intergovernmental Negotiation(IGN)
Principle of Leadership by Member States
Regrouping
