摘要
为探究油菜不同光合器官间光合特性大小、杂种优势及对产量贡献的差异,以4套甘蓝型油菜CMS杂种及其亲本为材料,对长柄叶、短柄叶、角果3类主要光合器官在光合面积、主要气体交换参数、群体生长量、群体生长速率等光合性状在功能相对稳定期(RSP)的持续时间、最大值、均值、杂种优势及其与产量相关性间的差异进行了比较。结果显示,1叶绿素含量的RSP持续时间、最大值、平均值为短柄叶>长柄叶>角果;2 6个主要气体交换参数中,P_n、G_s为短柄叶>长柄叶>角果,Ci为长柄叶>角果>短柄叶,Tr为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶,Ls为短柄叶>角果>长柄叶,WUE为长柄叶>短柄叶>角果;3光合面积的RSP持续时间为长柄叶>短柄叶>角果,而光合面积最大面积、均值为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶。4群体光合物质净合成量RSP的持续时间、最高值、均值均为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶。5群体净光合速率RSP的持续时间为短柄叶>长柄叶>角果,而最大值、均值为短柄叶>角果>长柄叶;6角果光合面积、群体光合物质合成量的杂种优势最大,而群体净光合速率、叶绿素含量的杂种优势则最小,短柄叶叶绿素含量、群体光合物质净合成量的杂种优势高于长柄叶;角果在P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r等4个气体交换参数中的杂种优势为最低,而在L_s则最高,短柄叶在P_n、G_s、T_r、L_s4个参数的杂种优势中大于长柄叶。7与产量的相关性大小为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶,在RSP内光合性状数值与产量的相关性大小为持续时间>均值>最大值;油菜3类主要光合器官间的光合特性、对产量的贡献存在显著差异,在进行高光效种质筛选和高光效育种时,应对多个光合器官、不同时期的光合性状进行综合比较。
In order to explore the difference of photosynthetic characteristics and contribution to the output among different photosynthetic or- gan of rapeseed, four cytoplasmic male sterility hybrids of Brassica napus and their parents were as materials to compare the relatively stable period duration, maximum value, mean value, heterosis and correlation with yield on photosynthetic area, main gas exchange parameter, population photosynthetic net synthetic amount and population photosynthetic net synthesis rate etc. in three main photosynthetic organs in- cluding long-petiole leaf, short-petiole leaf and green pod. The results showed that： （i） Relatively stable period duration, maximum value, mean value of chlorophyll content were all short-petiole leaf（SPL） 〉 long-petiole leaf （LPL） 〉 grain pod skin （GPS） ; （ii） In six main gas exchange parameters, net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were short-petiole leaf 〉 long-petiole leaf 〉 pod, intercellular CO2 concentration was long-petiole leaf 〉 pod 〉 short-petiole leaf, transpiration rate was pod 〉 short-petiole leaf 〉 long-petiole leaf, stomatal limitation value was short-petiole leaf 〉 pod 〉 long-peti- ole leaf, water use efficiency was long-petiole leaf 〉 short-petiole leaf 〉 pod ; （iii） Relatively stable period duration of photosynthetic area was long-petiole leaf 〉 short-petiole leaf 〉 pod, but maximum value and mean value of photosynthetic area were pod 〉 short-peti- ole leaf 〉 long-petiole leaf ; （iv） Relatively stable period dura- tion, maximum value, mean value of population photosynthetic net synthetic amount were all pod 〉 short-petiole leaf 〉 long-petiole leaf; （v） Relatively stable period duration of population photosynthetic net synthesis rate was short-petiole leaf 〉 long-petiole leaf 〉 pod, but maximum value and mean value of that were short-petiole leaf 〉 pod 〉 long-petiole leaf; （vi） The heterosis of photosynthetic area and population photosynthetic net synthetic amount of pod were the highest in three photosynthetic organs but population photosynthetic net syn- thesis rate and chlorophyll content of pod were the lowest. Heterosis of chlorophyll content and population photosynthetic net synthetic amount of short-petiole leaf were higher than long-petiole leaf. Heterosis of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concen- tration and transpiration rate of pod the were the lowest in three photosynthetic organs and that of stomatal limitation value in pod was the highest. Heterosis of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, stomatal conductance and stomata limitation value of short-petiole leaf were higher than that of short-petiole leaf; （vii） The correlation with yield was pod 〉 short-petiole leaf 〉 long-petiole leaf. In relatively sta- ble period, correlation between photosynthetic traits and yield was duration 〉 mean value 〉 maximum value. There were the significant differences of photosynthetic characteristics and contribution to the output among three main photosynthetic organs, it should make a compre- hensive comparison when screening germplasm resources and breeding varieties with high photosynthetic efficiency.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第2期296-304,共9页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101304)
国家油菜现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13)
陕西省重点科技创新团队计划(2015KTC-21)
陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2014KTCQ02-01,2015KTCQ02-20)
杨凌示范区科技计划(2015NY-17,2015NY-02)
陕西省农业协同与推广联盟项目(LM20160012)
关键词
甘蓝型油菜
3类主要光合器官
相对稳定期
光合性状
产量贡献
差异
Brassica napus
Three main photosynthetic organs
Relatively stable period
Photosynthetic traits
Contribution to the output
Difference
