摘要
为研究不同氮肥处理对水稻群体生态的影响,以杂交水稻F优498为材料研究不同氮肥施用水平下群体小气候、产量及纹枯病发病情况的差异.结果表明,随着氮肥施用量的增加杂交水稻的产量增加,但在高氮条件下产量增加不显著;增施氮肥后虽然结实率和千粒重下降,但是有效穗数显著增加(30%左右)导致了单株产量(19%左右)的提高.同时氮肥增加后其群体通透性(包括透光性和透气性)显著降低,温度降低但湿度增加;这一系列群体小气候的恶化导致纹枯病发病程度增加.氮肥过低无法保证产量,过高则会引起群体生态环境恶化.在中等施氮水平下(150 kg/hm^2),水稻的产量既不会显著降低,群体小气候条件也优于高氮处理.进一步研究不同肥料处理对群体小气候和产量的影响,可以探索出既能达到高产又可以降低病虫害发生的最优措施.
To study the effect of different nitrogen treatment on the microclimate, yield, and banded sclerotial blight of rice population, nitrogen fertilization at three different levels were applied on hybrid rice F You 498.The results showed that the yield was increased by the increase of nitrogen, but high nitrogen treatment did not significantly increase the yield ;Seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight were decreased by increasing nitrogen, the effective panicles per plant was increased significantly （about 30%）, which increased the yield by 19% rice increased ;The permeability of the group （ including the transmission of light and air permeability） significantly reduced by increasing nitrogen fertilizer, the temperature decreased while the humidity increased which deteriorated the microclimate and caused increasing banded sclerotial blight morbidity incidence.h is concluded that low nitrogen leads to low yield, high nitrogen causes deterioration of community ecological environment, so with a medium N application level at 150 kg N/hm2 ,the output is not significantly reduced and community microclimate condition is better.Further study on the influence of different fertilizer treatment on community microclimate and the yield,is good for exploring a better way of achieving higher yield and reducing occurrence of pests and diseases.
出处
《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第2期324-332,共9页
Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD01B03-3)
杂交水稻国家重点实验室开放课题(2014KF01)
四川省省属高校科研创新团队建设计划(14TD0011)
国家现代农业产业技术体系四川水稻创新团队岗位专家项目(川农业函[2014]91号)
关键词
氮肥处理
群体小气候
通透性
纹枯病
nitrogen treatments
micro-climate
permeability
banded sclerotial blight
