摘要
目的调查口腔颌面部间隙感染患者的病原菌分布及临床感染特点,探讨相关预防措施。方法回顾性分析2014年3月-2016年3月161例口腔颌面部间隙感染患者的临床资料。采集患者脓液标本,注入疱肉培养液管中,分别进行需氧和厌氧培养及药敏试验。结果 161例口腔颌面部间隙感染患者,感染部位以眶下间隙、颌下间隙和咬肌间隙感染为主,分别占31.7%、23.0%和13.7%;病因以牙源性感染为主,占61.5%,其次为腺源性感染和外伤性感染,分别占19.3%和10.6%;共分离出病原体423株,以需氧-厌氧混合菌感染为主,占45.4%;需氧菌感染占33.1%,以金黄色葡萄球菌最常见,占11.3%;厌氧菌感染占21.5%,以普氏菌最常见,占9.2%;金黄色葡萄球菌对环丙沙星最为敏感,耐药率为22.9%;肺炎链球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南最为敏感,耐药率为8.6%和9.5%;普氏菌、梭杆菌对亚胺培南最为敏感,耐药率为6.5%和11.5%;放线菌对多粘菌素E最为敏感,耐药率为26.7%。结论医院口腔颌面部间隙感染患者以眶下间隙感染为主,牙源性感染是主要病因,需氧-厌氧混合菌感染最为常见,临床应根据其药敏和相关因素及时采取有效措施,防止病情发展。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of pathogens isolated from patients with oral and maxillofacial space infections and analyze the clinical characteristics of the infection so as to put forward the related prevention measures.METHODS The clinical data of 161 patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection who were treated from Mar 2014 to Mar 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The pus specimens were collected and injected into the culture tube of blister,the culture of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was carried out,and the drug susceptibility testing was performed.RESULTS Among the 161 patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection,the patients with infraorbital space infection accounted for 31.7%,the patients with submandibular space infection accounted for 23.0%,and the patient with masseter muscle gap infection accounted for 13.7%.Odontogenic infection was dominant among the causes,accounting for 61.5%,followed by glandular infection（19.3%）and traumatic infection（10.6%）.A total of 423 strains of pathogens were isolated,of which 45.4% were aerobic-anaerobic mixed bacteria;the aerobic bacteria accounted for 33.1%,among which Staphylococcus aureus was the most common,accounting for 11.3%;the anaerobic bacteria accounted for 21.5%,among which Prevotella was dominant,accounting for 9.2%.The drug resistance rate of the S.aureus strains to ciprofloxacin was 22.9%;the drug resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem were 8.6% and 9.5%,respectively.The drug resistance rates of the Prevotellaand Fusobacteriumto imipenem were 6.5% and 11.5%,respectively;the drug resistance rate of Actinomycetes to polymyxin E was 26.7%.CONCLUSION The patients with infraorbital space infection are dominant among the patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection,the odontogenic infection is the leading cause,and the aerobic-anaerobic mixed bacterial infection is most common.It is necessary for the hospital to take effective measures based on the result of drug susceptibility testing and related factors so as to prevent the progression of disease.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期1359-1362,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合J字LKZ(2010)12号)
关键词
口腔颌面部间隙感染
病原菌
预防
Oral and maxillofacial space infection
Pathogen
Prevention
