摘要
Ground roll waves interfere with seismic data. The suppression of ground roll waves based on the division of wavelet frequencies considers the low-frequency characteristics of ground roll waves. However, this method will not be effective when the ground roll wave and the effective signal have the same frequency bands because of overlapping. The radial trace transform （RTT） considers the apparent velocity difference between the effective signal and the ground roll wave to suppress the latter, but affects the low-frequency components of the former. This study proposes a ground roll wave suppression method by combining the wavelet frequency division and the RTT based on the difference between the ground roll wave velocity and the effective signal and their energy difference in the wavelet domain, thus making full use of the advantages of both methods. First, we decompose the seismic data into different frequency bands through wavelet transform. Second, the RTT and low-cut filtering are applied to the low-frequency band, where the ground roll waves are appearing. Third, we reconstruct the seismic record without ground roll waves by using the inverse RTT and the remaining frequency bands. The proposed method not only improves the ground roll wave suppression, but also protects the signal integrity. The numerical simulation and real seismic data processing results suggest that the proposed method has a strong ability to denoise while preserving the amplitude.
面波是地震记录上严重的干扰波。基于小波变换的面波衰减方法考虑了面波频率低的特点,但是当有效信号和面波干扰存在频率重叠时,其压制效果不理想。径向道变换考虑了面波与有效信号视速度差异,有利于去噪,但是在去除面波的同时也会损害有效信号的低频分量。本文根据面波和有效信号在视速度以及小波域能量的差别,将小波变换的局部分析能力与径向道变换的去噪优势相结合,提出了基于小波分频与径向道变换的联合面波压制方法。首先应用小波变换,将地震记录分解为不同频段,对出现面波的频段作径向道变换,然后再作低切滤波处理,最后利用径向道反变换后的记录与其他频段的记录进行小波重构得到去除面波的记录。两种方法的联合使用提高了小波分频去除面波的能力,同时也较好的保护了有效信号。通过模型数据实验分析和实际资料数据处理的结果表明,本文提出的方法具有较强的去噪能力和良好的保幅性能。
基金
supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2011ZX05007-006)
the 973 Program of China(No.2013CB228604)
the major Project of Petrochina(No.2014B-0610)
