摘要
目的:探讨不同类型的空巢老年人的心理健康状态,以及他们的人格特征和应对方式特点及关系。方法:采取症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和应对方式问卷(CSQ)对山东460位老人施测,并用SPSS 16.0予以统计分析。结果:(1)独居的老人在SCL-90中的某些因子得分显著低于寡居老人和非空巢老人(F=3.654,5.361,4.699,3.874,3.031,3.121,6.067,3.301;P<0.05);(2)在CSQ量表中,寡居老人在解决问题因子和自责因子得分显著低于其他两组(F=3.512,4.416;P<0.05),而另外两组之间没有差异;(3)空巢老人在SCL-90中的总均分与E量表和求助因子之间没有相关关系,与其他因子有显著的相关关系(r=0.218,0.544,-0.225,0.329,0.260,0.243,0.217;P<0.01)。结论:(1)独居老年人的心理健康状况优于寡居老人和非空巢老人;(2)寡居的老人倾向于放弃解决问题的途径,并且易产生自责心理;(3)空巢老人的心理健康状态与内外向没有显著联系,但与神经质、精神质和应对方式有密切联系。
Objective ：To explore the mental health status of empty - nest elderly and its relationship with personal-ity characteristics and coping styles .Methods ：Symptom checklist 90（SCL - 90） ,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）and Coping Style Questionnaire （CSQ）were used to measure the mental heath status of 460 aged people ,and the SPSS16 .0 was applied to data analysis .Results ：Some factors scores of the old in solitude in SCL - 90 were signifi-cantly less than the widowed elderly and non - empty - nesters（F = 3 .654 ,5 .361 ,4 .699 ,3 .874 ,3 .031 ,3 .121 ,6 .067 , 3 .301 ;P 〈 0 .05） ;② In the CSQ ,the scores of widowed empty - nesters on the dimension of the problem solving and self - accusations were significantly less than the other two groups （F = 3 .512 ,4 .416 ;P 〈 0 .05） ;③ The total average score of empty - nest elderly had no correlation with both E scale and the dimension of appealing ,but it had signifi-cant correlation with other dimensions （r = 0 .218 ,0 .544 ,-0 .225 ,0 .329 ,0 .260 ,0 .243 ,0 .217 ;P 〈 0 .01） .Conclusion ：①The mental health status of the old in solitude is better than that of widowed empty - nesters and non - empty - nes-ters ;② Widowed empty - nesters tend to give up the way of problem solving ,and they are easily to be self - accused .③ The mental health status of empty - nest elderly has no significant correlation with introversion and extraversion dimension ,but has close relation with neuroticism ,psychoticism and coping styles .
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2017年第4期606-609,共4页
China Journal of Health Psychology
关键词
空巢老人
心理健康状态
应对方式
人格特征
Empty - nest elderly
Mental health
Coping styles
Personality traits
